NEILGHERRY PLANTS. 11 
Sub-tribe Gnaphaliew. Capitula homogamous or heterogamous discord. very rarely radiate, sometimes 1 
flowered. Anthers caudate. Ach@ina crowned with a pilose or setaceous pappus, very rarely bald. Leaves 
usually alternate. 
To this section the group of Cape plants well known to amateurs in England under the name of 
“ everlastings,” belong. They owe their name to the dry chaffy scales of the involucrum, which, in many, are 
‘ highly coloured and polished presenting almost metallic lustre. And as these remain, retaining the brilliant 
appearance of the growing plant, long ofter they have been gathered, the name seems very appropriate. None of 
dian ones merit, the appellation having neither the brilliance nor durability of their cape congeners. 
This subtribe is one of great extent including according to DeCandolle’s list 80 genera, and it may 
safely be doubted whether any other division of the order has prog so ere ag a Botanists as this one. 
The species are numerous and so closely resembling each other tl it task of great 
difficulty and nicety, only to be acquired by much patient investigation of every part of the plant. This has 
led to the extensive multiplication of genera indicated by the above figures very many of these being confined 
to one or two species. Such being the case it seems almost unavoidable that some if not many of them should 
rest on characters so indistinct that none but a very practised eye can detect them. For myself 1 candidly 
confess that, even with the aid of named specimens and generally good materials, I have felt myself incompe- 
tent to detect the limits which separate some of the genera commonly met with on the hills such as Helichry« 
sum, Gnaphalium, Antennaria and Anaphalis : nor can I help thinking, as the result of my examinations, that 
were the specimens put into the hands of any other Botanist or even D. CU. himself, were he happily still 
among us, that they would all be again referred to the same genera in which D.C. has left them. The plant here 
figured is referred to the genus Helichrysum but I cannot discover in what respect; it differs generally from 
some others named, by the same authority Anaphalis and they again pass into others respectively named Gna- 
phalium and Antennaria. These circumstances are mentioned more for the purpose of showing 
the difficulties attending the determination of the genera of this tribe than questioning the goodness of 
the genera themselves which, to a more practised investigator, may be clear enough, though I doubt my 
own assumption. 
HELICHRYSUM. 
Capitulum sometimes homogamous the flowers all hermaphrodite, 5 toothed ; sometimes heteroga- 
mous the marginal flowers, often very few, 1 series, female. - Achcenia beakless sessile with a termenal areola. 
Pappus 1 series bristles roughish not plumose.—Herbs or shrubs with alternate leaves: involucrum imbricated ; 
scales scariose, interior ones connivent or radiant : 1eceptacle flat, epaleaceous, naked, areolate or fimbrilifer- 
ous : involucrum white purple or yellow : corolla yellow or purple. 
Of this genus DeCandolle enumerates upwards of 200 species, two only of which are found in India ; 
viz. the accompanying and one from Ceylon. Africa is certainly its head quarters; but Europe, Asia and 
Australia all contribute species, none however has yet been found in America. Many of the Cape ones are 
remarkable for the brilliancy and rich colouring of their involucral scales. 
HELICHRYSUM pdb lan rot (D. C.) stem suffru- yellow wiardte render this a hea plant. The 
ticose erect ramous woolly towards the apex leaves Tes ves are from 3 to 4 inches long, 8-10 lines broad : 
sessile ovate lanceolate — entire, 7— rece eptacle alveolate shortly fim fimbri flat te: flower of the 
glabrous above w tomentose beneath : io iabe outer series female or sterile, the rest hermap odite : 
compound palbcepalou at shi: ‘aioe es of the stems - e and stamens included: pappus 1 series pilose 
and branches tula ovate, densely crowded: scabrous : pec glabrous. 
&S 
scales of the save aaah oval sige about equal, a 
little longer than the disk. —D. C. 1. e. 6.201. A handsome perennial at too great a size to 
e convenient as a garden nates but for the com- 
A rather common plant.on the Neilgherries form- ant that objection does not apply, especi cially when 
ing dense clumps or bushes from 4 to 6 feet high. bounded b by elifty rocks, shrubbery or clumps of trees, 
The white stems aad undersurfaces of the ak con- in such a situations it is conspicuous and ornamental. 
trasting with green upper ones and large clusters of 
