14 NEILGHERRY PLANTS. 
Of the 45 species mentioned above as indigenous in India 7 are found on the Neilgherries or ith of 
the whole. This seems a fair proportion considering how large a portion of the genus is extratropical, the 
bulk of the remaining $ths being from the Himalayas and upper provinces of India, very few, if any, being 
found on the plains within the tropies. 
SENECIO CoRYMBOsUS (Wall—D. C.) stem scand- not this rather a Cacalia ? This question it appears to 
i the affirmative, i 
ent, terete, araneose (appearing as if covered with cob- me may be safely answered in ive, in as 
) leaves petioled exstipulate, cordately suborbi ch as it perfectly agress with both the character of 
cular, shortly acuminated, subserrated; glabrous above the genus and of the section Cissampelopsis : but it may 
. 
t the base 
corymbs axillary and terminal compactly polycephal- tween the two genera and wherein do they differ from 
ous : he base: Kleinia? So 
igulee 
6-12 lines long, limb about 2 inches in diameter, 10 includi g all three, which fact, alone, goes far to prove 
tubular florets—D. C. 1. ¢. 6. 364. is i d in that mass 
species which has set at defiance the efforts of even so 
Neilgherries in clumps of jungle climbing to a great acute and perfect a systematist, as the late very cele- 
extent over the adjoining trees. DeCandolle asksis brated Professor DeCandolle, to reduce them to order. 
Tribe 5 Cynarex. Style of the hermaphrodite lowers nodosely thickened 
above, often penicellate at the knot, branches sometimes cohering sometimes free, 
puberulous exteriorly : stigmatic series not prominent, extending to the points of 
the branches and there confluent. 
This, like the preceding, is a large and interesting Tribe, embracing most of the 
true thistles, artichokes, marigolds, burdocks, &c., DeCandolle enumerates as belonging to it 
81 genera distributed into 11 Sub-tribes, 13 of which genera furnish Indian representatives. 
None of these merit much consideratien here,except perhaps, Carthamus tinctorius, the saff- 
flower, the petals of which yield a pink dye, and are prepared and sold as a substitute for saf- 
fron. Many of the thistles, indeed the tribe generally, are characterized by intense bitterness, 
hence many of them have at different times been held in repute as remedial agents, though 
few seem to have preserved their reputation. A few are used as food, such as the artichoke 
Cardoon, &c., the seed of others are pressed for their oil; and afew are admitted into the 
garden as ornamental objects. 
Sub-tribe Carduinee. Capvitula homogamous with numerous equal florets, flowers sometimes dioicous, 
scales of the involucrum many series Free, often ending in a spiney point. Corolla 5 cleft. Filaments usually 
pilose. papillose or glabrous. Anthers ecauilate or shortly caudate. Achenia glabrous beakless with a 
terminal areola. Pappus phimose or pilose the bristles often united into-a ring at'the base but not bound by 
the prominent margin of the achenium. 
To this sub-tribe the artichoke (Cynara) the multiform thistles (Carduus and Cirsium) which cover 
the fields and waysides in Europe, and the equally common, but more-amusing, Burdocks all belong. 
CIRSIUM. 
Capitulum homogamous. Flowers hermaphrodite or dicicous : tube of the corolla short, throat 
oblong. 5 cleft. _Anthers ecaudate. Stigmas cohering. Achenia oblong compressed glabrous membranaceous 
ecostate with a fleshy terminal arcola. Herbaceous thistle like plants : involucrum imbricated scales more or 
less prickly pointed, receptacle frimbriliferous; flowers purple or yellow. 
This isa large genus including “according to DeCandolle’s enumeration, 140 species, three only of 
which seem to find a place in the Indian Flora, the one here represented occupying the Higher mountain 
