1913] GODDARD—SOIL FUNGI 261 
cially in plat III as compared with the others. - This plat was 
heavily manured, and then well spaded and raked. The results, 
however, did not seem to fulfil the expectation mentioned. Out of 
about 60 pure cultures isolated, representing 18 different species, 
but 2 species were found exclusively on plat III, while 3 were found 
exclusively on plat I, and 3 on plat II. It would seem more reason- 
able to suppose that these differences were due rather to the chances 
of sampling or isolation than to differences in the flora of the plats. 
The results would indicate then a probability, at least, that there 
is a rather constant and characteristic fungus flora in the soil, 
regardless of the treatment as to tillage or manuring. It should 
be noted in this connection that the samples from the manured 
plat were not taken until about 3 months after the manure was 
applied. Any foreign fungi, therefore, which might have been 
introduced with the manure may have begun to grow, and, finding 
conditions unfavorable, have died out. 
The conclusion that there is a rather constant and distinct 
fungus flora in the soil is strongly confirmed by the work of other 
investigators. Mr. GROSSMAN, whose work has not yet been 
published, has worked in this laboratory on a very different soil 
from that used in this investigation. The soil used by him was a 
very fine, red clay on which plants grow poorly, located about 
a mile away from the University. Out of about 12 or 14 species 
isolated from this clay soil, at least 8 are the same as those re- 
ported here. What seems even more remarkable in this connection 
is that out of 18 species isolated here, 7 are the same as those found 
by OvupEemans and Konrne (29) in forest soil near Amsterdam, 
Holland. And furthermore, 4 of these were named by OUDEMANS 
as new species. Out of 1 3 genera found here, 8 were the same as 
those found in Holland. 

LIST OF FUNGI ISOLATED 
The list of fungi isolated is as follows (p. 262). One asterisk 
indicates fungi found also by GrossMAn; two asterisks, those found 
also by Oupemans and Konrnc (29); three asterisks, those found 
in all three investigations. The descriptions follow, and drawings 
may be found in figs. 2-16. 
