1913] CURRENT LITERATURE 447 
belong to the Cretaceous. Of course in the absence of fruits and seeds the 
determinations are not altogether satisfactory. In any event, the families 
thought to be represented, each by one to three species, are Magnoliaceae, 
Ternstroemiaceae. one can draw any conclusion from this showing, it is 
that the dicotyledonous series was represented practically throughout its 
M. GC; 
present extent.—J. M. 
Morphology of Calycularia.—CamPBELL? has studied the rare Javanese 
liverwort Calycularia radiculosa, found in small quantities near Tjibodas. 
The plant is strictly dioicous, the males being decidedly smaller than the 
females. It perhaps more nearly resembles Symphyogyna than Pallavicinia 
(Blyttia), with which a comparison is made. The endophytic fungus common 
to so many liverworts is conspicuous. Two forms of apical cells are present: 
one is the cylindric-lenticular type found in Pellia epiphylla; the other is the 
cuneate type common to Marchantiales, Sphaerocarpus, and most Anthocero- 
tales. 
Branching of Calycularia he says, “seems to be a true dichotomy, but 
whether one of the branches retains the original apical cell or whether two 
new apical cells are developed was not investigated.” In order to ti true 
dichotomy, the original apical cell by equal division must give rise to two new 
apical cells. But if on the other hand, the original apical cell is retained by 
one branch, the apical cell of the other branch must be formed from a segment 
of the original apical cell, and we have, not true dichotomy, but apparent 
dichotomy. Of course in most cases, whether we have true or simulated 
dichotomy makes little difference in the appearance of the adult plant. 
The earliest stages of the antheridium were not studied, but apparently 
it develops like that of the majority of Junge i nn 
division of the spermatogenous cells a wall is formed. : 
kérper” or = sae body” was found. Archegonia are gro — sg — 
mentary receptacle. The number of neck cells is various, the highest n 
found being eight. Occasionally a binucleate neck canal cell 
ing that the neck is being shortened. In one archegonium nec 
were enlarged and closely resembled eggs. This seeming reversion to @ gas 
liverworts. The spore mother cells are deeply lobed, as 
: > enj was 
Practically all Jungermanniales. The “quadripo spindle of FARMER 

i ition of 
* CAMPBELL, Dovctas Houcuton, The morphology and Te wt 8, 
Calycularia radiculosa Steph. Leland Stanford Junior Univ. , ” 
Dudley Mem. Vol. pp. 43-6r. figs. 12. 1913- 
