BRIEFER ARTICLES 
INCLUDED CYTOPLASM IN FERTILIZATION 
In the recent review! of NEmMEc’s paper on the fertilization of Gagea 
lutea? the following statements occur: “Another apparently unusual 
feature is the inclusion of cytoplasm between the fusing nuclei... - - 
This is the second record of such a cytoplasmic inclusion, the first having 
been made by Brown: in his study of Peperomia.” 
Since this is a rarely recorded phenomenon, I may be permitted to 
call attention to some earlier references to the inclusion of cytoplasm 
between the sexual nuclei in plants at the time of fusion. In a paper 
published in 1901,‘ the following sentence occurs (p. 450):. “Frequently 
the cytoplasm caught between the two nuclei collects in spherical masses; 
between these spheres of cytoplasm the membranes of the nuclei come 
into close contact (fig. 52).” This sentence is likewise repeated on p. 116 
of a later publication.’ I would also call attention to figs. 51, 53, and 
54 of the earlier paper, and figs. 224-227 of the later paper, which were 
redrawn from the same preparations as the figures published earlier. 
Brown first’figured and described the inclusion of cytoplasm between 
the fusion nuclei in 1908.° If other students of plants have mentioned 
this subject, I am not aware of it. ES 
In the papers published in 1901 and 1904, I made no special comment, — 
other than the sentence quoted above, on the inclusion of cytoplasm 
between the sexual nuclei, because this is one of many observations which 
have convinced me that nucleus and cytoplasm cooperate im all cell 
Bor. Gaz. 552472. 1913+ 
: CHAMBERLAIN, CHARLES J., Fertilization in Gagea. 
2 Nimec, B., Uber die Befruchtung bei Gagea. Bull. Internat. Acad Sci. 
Igt2:. 1-17. jes. 10. a 
3 Brown, W. H., The exchange of material between nucleus — cytoplasm 
Peperomia sintenisii. Bot. GAZ. 49: 189-194- pl. 13. TOTO sat fortication 
4 FERGUSON, MarcareT C., The development of the egg ertiliza 
Pinus Strobus. Ann. Botany 15:435~479- pls. 23-25- 1g0I. 
. Life history of Pinus. Proc. Wash. Acad. 
ryo sac of Peperomia. 
Botanical Gazette, vol 5° : 
s Sci. 6:1-202. ls. Sd 
1904. 
6 Brown, W. H., The nature of the emb 
445-458. 1908. 
501] 

Bor. Gaz. 46: 

