56 ILLUSTRATIONS OF INDIAN BOTANY. 
celled, cells either remaining completely united, or becoming more or less distinct, and sepa+ 
rating with the seed enclosed, dehiscence in the former case loculicidal. Seeds somewhat reni- 
form attached to the internal angle of the carpels, glabrous or envelope in a covering of hairs ; 
men none or very sparing. Embryo large, the cotyledons foliacious, variously doubled and 
twisted, often cordate, radicle pointing to the hilum. 
Arrinitizs. This large and, as it may appear from the preceding description, complex 
order is yet one of easy determination, even among the orders wit which it was originally 
combined by Jussieu, now forming the class Columnifere, of Bartling (all remarkable for 
aving the cstivation of the calyx valvate) by its l-celled reniform anthers. Dr. Lindley 
gives the following brief exposition of its affinities, premising as an anomaly in the order that 
“* In Malope the carpels are numerous, and distinct, not arranged in a single row as in the rest 
of the order.” “ The relation of Malvacee with Sterculiaceae, Tiliaceae, and Eleocarpaceae,is 
clearly indicated by their general accordance in structure, and especially by the valvate cestiva- 
tion of their calyx. ith other orders they also agree in numerous points; as, with Ranun- 
culaceae, in the indefinite stamens and distinct aggregate carpels of Malope ; with Ternstre- 
miaceae in their monadelphous stamens; with Chlenaceae in the presence of an involucre 
below the flower, and monadelphous stamens ; with Linaceae in their mucilaginous properties, 
definite seeds, many-celled fruit, and unguiculate petals ; and through the medium of this last 
order with Silenacee.” 
Essentian Cuaracter. Polypetalous dicotyledons. Calyx with valrate cestivation. Sta- 
mens numerous, monadel phous : Anthers one-celled, Ovary wholly superior ; of several carpels 
combined into a solid pistil, with more placentas than one. Leaves furnished with stipules. © 
about ;'; of the whole phenogamous flora (estimated to amount to 4 : hich fe 
considerably smaller proportion than that of the equinoxi i ee et ae 
are said to amount to th or 2,th of the flowering plants. 
the proportions have been altered by th i | : 
known to Roxburgh, from whose Gabino PSO ary Ente go a 
8 estimate is deduced 
Properties anp Uses Mankind are large] beh i 
. "6 l 
to any other, as supplying them with food, iieiicins: i 20 a area ameter oa 
unwholesome properties. Such being the ~ to abound in mucilage and to be totally destitute of 
ployed as fi , 
n : 
: le t : ee : | 
cnt and emolient proper. The mart alge a8 efortig medicines possesing demu 
and several species of Abuti ries ane | 
larly employed in this country. The aap oe 
. Brown’s estimate, now that — 
