ILLUSTRATIONS OF INDIAN BOTANY. 89 
EXPLANATION OF PLATE 37. 
_I. Flowering branch of Hopea Wightiana---natural g. A seed cut transversely. 
size. . The testa removed, showing irregular forms 
2. Ovary and sepals. of the. cotyledons and superior radicle. 
3. Corolla and stamens: the latter perhaps incor- 10, 11, ine Sections of the fungus- like ete 
recily i pastes: remarks page 38, on the nch, which seem to indicate that it is an 
4. A detached s abortive ie perhaps rendered go, Salah sin 
5. Ovary cut st eeaes3h forming their nidus in the bud. 
6. A fruit showing the wing-like enlargement of the 
sepals, 
XXIX.—TERNSTRAMIACES. 
This is a small order, and, but for containing the tea plant, one of very inferior importance. 
‘The possession of that one species however, raises it to the first rank in the estimation of man- 
kind. Most of the species, are fine flowering trees or shrubs, with alternate, coriaceous, entir 
or serrated, exstipulate leaves, occasionally furnished with pellucid dots : axillary, solitary, ie 
a bisexual flowers, sometimes collected into terminal racemes. 
X persistent, often surrounded with bractew, 3—5 sepaled ; sepals unequal, coriaceous, 
seas imbricated in estivation, the innermost often the largest. Petals aa ing in number — 
5-6-9,—and not equal in number to the sepals, often combined at the base. Stamens h 
gynous, numerous, often adhering at the base to the petals, or monadel phous, or cotyadaiphauk, 
Ovary superior with several cells, and pee dae , usually, pendulous ovules in each ; styles 2—7, 
distinct, or more or less combined. Fruit 2—7 celled, coriaceous and in ehiscent, or capsular, 
and opening by valves. Seeds few, often ere Smetion furnished with a membranous wing, 
exalbuminous: radicle turned towards the hilum: cotyledons often large, oblong, sometimes 
longitudinally plaited; when winged small and eompraseed 5 often containing oil. 
Arrinities. ‘These have only recently been sbee alte Sater erat legate the pny of 
Cambessedes, who, in 1828, published a memoir on the order. To that work I have not the 
means of referring, ‘and shall nec ee avail myself of the abridgement, af Ey part eee? on this 
section, given in Dr. Lindley’s excellent natural system of Botany, by quoting the whole of his 
paragraph on the subject of affinities. 
‘ This order originated in 1813, with Mirbel, who separated some of its genera from 
urantiacee, where they had been placed by Jussieu, and at the same time founded another 
closely allied order, under the name of Theacee. These opinions were substantially adopted 
by Kunth and DeCandolle, the latter of whom, moreover, formed several sections among his 
Ternstromiacee. It is, however, certain, that no solid difference exists between this Jast order 
and Theacewe or Camelliew, as they were called by DeCandolle; and Cambessedes, after a care- 
ful revision of the whole, has come to the conclusion, that even the sections proposed by 
DeCandolle asong Ternstrémiacee are untenable. I shall profit by Cambessedes’ pbecryeizons 
which ae eae participate. They differ thus: in Ternstrémiacee the leaves are alternate, 
to which there are cate any exceptions; they are always opposite in Guttifere. In the 
former the normal number of the parts of the flower appears to be 5 and its multiples; in Gut- 
tiferee it is evidently two. In the former the calyx is always perfectly distinct from the corolla ; 
these two organs are usually confounded in the latter. Ternstrémiacee have the petals gene- 
rally united at the base, and a twisted wstivation; in Guttifere they are distinct, with a convo- 
lute estivation. The seeds of the former are almost always either destitute of albumen, or fur- 
nished with a membranous dese the latter have neither the one nor the other. The first have 
the radicle always near the hilum; the second have it either near the hilum or turned in an 
Opposite direction, Finally, in Gathifers, the cotyledons are very | thick, and firmly glued toge- 
ther; and this character, which is not observed in Ternstrémiacew, is the more important, as it 
is not liable to any exception. Ternstrémiacee are allied to Hypericacee through the medium 
