168 ILLUSTRATIONS OF INDIAN BOTANY. 
Properties anp Uses. Bitter stimulating and aromatic properties pervade in ~~ or 
: : 7 : 5 acquaintance with them 
less intensity, almost every species of the order, at least so far as our acq Aa Ae 
et extends. Some species are remarkable for their tonic properties, ot ers are powerful 
Pee eo and when applied to the gums or even taken internally act as powerful sialogogues. 
fe properties point them out as suitable remedies for Rheumatism, in which complaint 
4 . ; 
n found very useful. 2. alatum of Roxburgh, a Nepaul plant, is aromatic and | 
Stara seeds hi used medicinally by the natives. Another species, Z. piperitum, | 
a native of Japan, but now cultivated in India, is a powerful aromatic and used in its native 
country in place of pepper. It is also used as rubifacient and discutient by the natives, bellig | 
applied in form of a poultice to the neighbourhood of inflamed parts. The seeds of Z. Bud) ungts 
(Roxb.) have the fragrance of Lemon peel, and being of a warm spicy nature are used medicinal y 
by the natives of Silhet, where it is indigenous. The unripe capsules Z. Rhetsa are like small 
berries and are gratefully aromatic, tasting like the peel of a fresh orange. “ The ripe seed , 
taste exactly like black pepper but weaker, from this circumstance I conceive this may be a 
F, perperita, yet | have always found the leaflets entire” (Roxb.) The inner lamina of the ~ 
bark is also acrid and bitter. Of Toddalia aculeata, a very common plant in this country, : 
Roxburgh remarks Fl. Ind. | page 617—“ Every part of this shrub has a strong pungent taste. : 
The roots when fresh cut smell particularly so. The fresh leaves are eaten raw for pains in the’ 23 
bowels; the ripe berries are fully as pungent as black pepper, and with nearly the same kind of | 
pungency ; they are pickled by the natives, and a most excellent one they make. 
“ The fresh bark of the root is administered by the Telinga physicians for the cure of that : 
sort of remittent, commonly called the hill fever. I conceive every part of this plant tobe 
possessed of strong, stimulating powers, and have no doubt but : 
might prove a valuable medicine where stimulants are required.” | 
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under proper management it 
am not prepared to say, but, judging from what I have seen in exami 
collection, [ suspect so 
same principle, 1 think many genera which now encumber the Bota 
larly reduced. 
For the purpose of facilitating the investigation of 
to the proceeding extract i 
lon. 3 
removed, S, 5 petals, 10 stamens, alternately longer and shorter, the — 
lame i ithin, enclosing the style, and large stigma, inserted, — 
with the petals, outside of a large cup-shaped disk j i 
Ent ae Ry ete 
| ns for its se ration, not only from the 
genus but from the order: in a word, it j of Heynea. Cie Toddalia bilocularts 
must also, I fear, be equally removed from that genus, 
presence in a very unusual form, can be received as a character of sufficient weight, when ai 
by the difference of structure of the seed itself. The f 
unless they assisted in distinguishing this as a distinct 
it from the place it now occupies 
wanting albumen, the seed are re 
_ the one, being three or four times ] 
_ one, though on such only does the 
_ because, the rudiments of all the or | s ) al 
aly require a clicht chine wee oreans of perfect fower stantly exist i es, 3 
ly require a slight cl nge of ci a . ‘a wae oo exist in both sexes, 
