ILLUSTRATIONS OF INDIAN BOTANY. 199 
LVII.—ROSACE. 
sections or sub-orders. To Potentillae belong strawberries and raspberries: roses to Roseae: 
cherries, plums, peaches, nectarines, apricots and almonds to Amygdaleae: apples, pears, quinces, 
medlars, and the fragrant hawthorn, in all their endless varieties to Pomeae. This, therefore, 
ed 
like it, has been divided by some into tribes, by others into sub-orders with detailed characters, 
and lastly, by Bartling and G. Don into several distinct orders. DeCandolle retains them as 
_ one, gives the following character of the whole order, but I fear that, in doubtful cases, it would 
scarcely enable one with certainty to determine whether the plant under examination really 
belonged to this order: as however such examples are not of frequent occurrence, it being 
easier (o recognize than to define the order I give it nearly as he does. 
Sepals usually 5, more or less combined into a tube and thence 5-lobed, generally persist- 
ing, free, or adherent with the ovary. Petals of the same number, rarely wanting, inserted upon 
the calyx ; estivation imbricated, mostly regular. Stamens inserted with the petals, usually 
indefinite ; filaments with an incurved estivation; anthers 2-celled, opening longitudinally. 
Carpels numerous, sometimes reduced and solitary, sometimes united among themselves or with 
the tube of the calyx, apparently forming one ovarium. Ovaries |-celled, style simple, dilated 
upwards into variously formed stigmas, frequently lateral, distinct, or rarely combined. Seeds 
one or two, rarely more in each carpel, erect, or inverted, exalbuminous (except in /Veil/ea and 
Hirtelia), Embryo straight. Cotyledons leafy or fleshy—Herbs or trees. Leaves alternate, 
simple, or compound, with Z stipules at the base. Inflorescence various. 
en expose 
and Rubus) The fleshy edible part of the apple, pear, quince &c., is the thickened fleshy tube 
of the calyx. ib gsomed 
Hating premised these general explanations of the structure of the fruit of the order as a 
whole, [ shall now transcribe Dr. Lindley’s characters of Rosaceae and the three sub-orders 
into which he divides this tribe, namely, Pomaceae, Amygdaleae and Sangesorbeae, adding 
under each, the properties, appertaining to it. intone eh 
‘3 
