

NEW NEOTROPICAL TIPULIN^ (TIPULID^, DIPT.). 



C"iiarm;s p. Ai.i-XANDKR, Ithaca, \. Y.* 



The following species arc included in four collections that I 

 have had for study, received from the following sources: The 

 American Museum of Natural History, including the Williston 

 collection, received through Mr. J. A. Grossbeck; the Cornell 

 University Collections consisting of Mr. H. S. Parish's extensive 

 Brazilian material, through Dr. J. C. Bradley, the United States 

 National Museum Collections, through Mr. Frederick Knab, 

 and a small lot received from Staudingcr-Bang-Haas and now 

 in mj^ cabinet. I wish to thank the above named gentlemen 

 for the loan of this and other interesting crane-fliy material. 



The Tipulini, containing the great genera Tipiila and 

 Pachyrhina, is, in any region, in a very chaotic condition. The 

 genus Tipula with its hundreds of described species has become 

 so unwieldly as to be almost unusable. In the Neotropical 

 fauna there are described up to the date of this writing, 46 

 species of Tipula and 12 of Pachyrhina. Some of these, however, 

 are undoubtedly synonomous (as moniliformis Roder and 

 ornaticornis v. d. Wulp). The future student of the Tipulini 

 should make it a point of obligation to his fellow students to 

 describe in detail, and figure if possible, the genitalia of the male 

 and female. Mr. R. E. Snodgrass (Trans. Am. Ent. Soc. ; Vol. 

 XXX, pp. 179-236) laid a firm foundation for the study of the 

 male hypopygium, and American authors are using this charac- 

 ter to some considerable extent. As an example of a splendid 

 revision of a genus of this tribe, I will cite Mr. M. P. Riedel's 

 excellent paper on the Palaearctic Pachyrhinaj.t 



It is probable that hypopygial characters can never be made 

 the main basis of subdivision into groups because of the great 

 differences in closely-related species and the consequent ten- 

 dency to separate forms that are closely allied. At present it 

 seems as if Schummel's old division of species into groups on 

 wing-pattern is the best for main group characters. Never- 

 theless, hypopygial characters are so constant and so extremely 

 important that it would be impractical to ignore them. 



*Entomological Laboratory, Cornell University. 



tDeutschen Entomol. Zeitschr.; Vol. for 1910, p. 409-437, 4 fig. 



