170 MR. BUSK ON VEDDAH SKULLS. 
of the skull, as may be seen in Fig. 2, where the outer square 
lines may be taken to represent the stem and branches of the 
craniometer, the radius sought being the distance between the 
lines 0 o andaa. These radial measurements will be taken in 
the same directions as the transverse arcs just described, and are 
termed respectively— 
12. The frontal radius. 13. The vertical radius. 
14, The parietal _,, 15. The occipital ,, 
The longitudinal dimensions of the regions are estimated by a 
graduated tape, stretched from the fronto-nasal suture to the pos- 
terior margin of the foramen magnum, the distance being sub- 
divided into, 
16. The frontal longitudinal arc, terminating at the coronal 
suture. 
17. The parietal longitudinal arc, corresponding in length to 
the sagittal suture ; and 
18. The occipital longitudinal arc, or the distance from the 
same point to the foramen magnum: and on this may be marked 
out the position of the occipital spine. 
19. The circumference is measured by a graduated tape carried 
round the head immediately above the frontal sinuses or super- 
ciliary eminences, where they exist, or in the direction indicated 
by the dotted line ¢ ¢, fig. 1. 
These are the measurements relating more especially to the 
cranium regarded as a whole, and its regions, upon which the com- 
parisons above given of the different crania are founded ; but those 
relating to the face may also be briefly noticed. They are, 
20. The zygomatic width, or that between the zygomatic arches 
(2, fig. 3). 
21. The orbital width, measured between the external orbital 
processes. 
92. The ethmoidal, or the width of the ethmoid bone between 
the orbits. 
23. The nasal or fronto-nasal tadius (n, fig. 1), corresponding 
pretty nearly to the cranial axis of Prof. v. Baer, though not to 
the true cranial axis, which can scarcely be measured unless the 
skull is bisected. 
94. The mazillary radius (m, fig. 1),—the difference between 
the last two indicating the degree of ortho- or prognathism, per- 
haps more precisely than the so-termed facial angle. 

