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a thickened anterior (proximal) end which, in my large specimens, forms a marked eminonce on the 

 anterior end of the entire bone, tlie eminence being round in outline and having a flat summit, This 

 flat surface is presented toward a similar surface on its fellow of the opposite side, and is bound to that 

 fellow bv a short strong ligaraent. The dorso-posterior corner of the eniinence is in contact with the 

 ventro-anterior corner of the rostral. The bone has asccnding and articular processes, more or less 

 fused to form a single large process which rises from the membrane component of the bone. The 

 ascending process is shorter and stouter than in Scorpaena, being but little if any longer than the 

 articular process. It lies upon and is firmly bound to the dorsal surface of the rostral, and between 

 it and its fellow of the opposite side there is a deep V-shaped groove, as in Scorpaena. The articular 

 process gives articulation to the maxillary in exactly the same manner that the corresponding pro- 

 cess does in Scorpaena, and here, as there, a päd of semi-cartilaginous tissue lies between the artic- 

 ulating surfaces. 



The MAXILLARY has an anterior, articular end, strictly comparable to that of Scorpaena, 

 but the middle portion of the shelf-like ligamentary process of that fish is wanting here, as it is in 

 Cottus. This is doubtless due to the fact that, in both Trigla and Cottus, the anterior end of the lachrym- 

 al has not the strong attachment to the maxillary that it has in Scorpaena, the lachrymal, in 

 Trigla, projecting above and beyond the maxillary without Coming into contact with it. The maxil- 

 lary process of the palatine articulates with the dorsal surface of the maxillary, as in Scorpaena, the 

 articulation taking place in a depression, which lies in the angle between the ascending process and 

 the shank of the bone. The extreme proximal end of the bone lies along and is bound by tissue to 

 the ventral surface of the rostral. The bone articulates by the dorso-posterior portion of its 

 ascending process, and through the intermediation of a päd of fibrous or semi-cartilaginous tissue, 

 with the lateral surface of the eminence, already described, on the dorsal surface of the ascending 

 process of the vomer. On the internal surface of the bone, beginning opposite its ascending process 

 and extending distally somewhat beyond it, there is a flat shelf-like ridge, the distal end of which 

 is enlarged and gives Insertion to a large tendon of the superficial division, Aj, of the adductor 

 mandibulae muscle, that tendon having its Insertion, in Scorpaena, in a slight depression in this 

 same part of the maxillary. The maxillo-mandibular ligament has its insertion, together with a 

 small tendon of the superficial division, A ^ of the adductor mandibulae, and also with a tendon of 

 the deeper division, A2A3, of that muscle, on a ridge-like eminence on the dorsal surface of the 

 maxillary, this eminence thus replacing the distal end of the ligamentary process of Scorpaena. The 

 ethmo-maxillary ligament is inserted on the base, or sometimes even near the summit of the ascend- 

 ing process. 



The cartilaginous ROSTRAL is broader than in Scorpaena, and the median portion of its 

 posterior half, alone, has sliding contact with the dorsal surface of the snout. This surface of contact 

 is relatively wide and is usually slightly concave, but in some specimens it is flat or even slightly 

 convex, conforming in this to the much flattened dorsal surface of the snout of the fish. The dorsal 

 surface of the cartilage is conical, or pyramidal, sloping upward from all sides toward a central point. 

 The ascending processes of the premaxillaries rest upon the anterior half only of this surface, the 

 posterior portion being exposed. Immediately dorso-posterior to the ascending processes of the 

 premaxillaries, on the central point of the cartilage, there is a mass of tough fibrous tissue from which, 

 on either side, the rostro-palatine ligament has its origin. These ligaments do not form a continuous 

 band crossing the middle line of the head, as in Scorpaena, and they arc not, as in that fish, in contact 



