14 



The Anopheline fauna of South Arabia is definitely African. The 

 European fades continues at least as far east as the south shores of the 

 Caspian Sea and also predominates in Palestine, Syria and Cilicia. 



Donovan (C). Malaria of Monkeys at the Foot of the Nilgiris.— 



Indian Jl. Med. Res., Calcutta, vii, no. 4, April 1920, pp. 717-721, 



1 plate. [Received 7th November 1920.] 



As a result of frequent statements that malaria may be contracted 

 in India in areas where there are no human beings, the common 

 monkeys, Macacus sinicus and Presbytis priamus, were examined for 

 the presence of malarial parasites. Of 86 individuals examined none 

 contained a malarial organism of any kind, but the Malabar squirrel 

 {Ratufa indica malaharica) was frequently found to be infected with 

 Plasmodium ratufae, sp. n., which closely resembles P. vivax found in 

 man. The so-called uninhabited malarious tracts at the foot of the 

 Nilgiris frequently have wild tribes wandering through and hving in 

 them. 



Since writing this paper the author has recorded a case of Macacus 

 sinicus infected with a Plasmodittm morphologically identical with 

 P. cynomolgi found in Macacus cynomolgus. 



P. pitheci has been found in the orang-utang and P. kochi in 

 Cercopithecus sp. 



Patton (W. S.). Some Notes on the Arthropods of Medical and 

 Veterinary Importance in Mesopotamia, and on their Relation to 

 Disease. Part i. The Gad Flies of Mesopotamia.--/«rfza;i //. 



Med. Res., Calcutta, vii, no. 4, April 1920, pp. 735-750, 1 plate, 



2 figs. [Received 7th November 1920.] 



The Tabanids described from Mesopotamia include Tabanus 

 pulchellus, Lw. {cyprianus, Ric), which appears in small numbers in 

 April, but later becomes extremely common and only disappears in 

 September or early October. Females of this species have been caught 

 from 5 to 6 miles away from the breeding grounds. Numerous 

 individuals are destroyed by dragonflies and a species of bee-eater 

 {Merops apiaster). T. persis, Ric, was almost always found in company 

 with the above-named species, but was less numerous. 



T. glaber. Big., was very common from about August to November ; 

 it was found breeding along the banks of a creek, and apparently does 

 not breed in marshy areas. T. polygonus, Wlk., attacks mules and 

 horses from March to September, and breeds chiefly along the banks of 

 creeks. T. pulverifer, Wlk., occurred in the marshy area along the 

 Euphrates. T. sufis, Jaen., breeds along banks of creeks and water- 

 courses. It has been recorded from other places under the name of 

 T. alboventralis, Newst. Chrysops punctifer, Lw., was common along 

 creeks and water-courses in April and May. Only two examples of 

 the genus Haematopota were taken, and these were too much damaged 

 to be identified. 



During the campaign of 1915-1917 more than* a thousand camels 

 were lost as the result of a fatal form of trypanosomiasis. Several 

 individuals from Sind escaped infection, although some of these were 

 present during two fly seasons, which would suggest that they were 

 immune to the Mesopotamian variety of trypanosome. 



Except for a few individuals of Tahamis pulchellus, T. glaber was the 

 only species seen feeding on camels, and is apparently responsible for 



