21 



T.ARKoussE (F.). Nouvelle Espece am^ricaine du Genre Phlcbotomus, 

 Fhlchotomus hi'iiiiip/i, sp. nov.— />////. Soc. Path. Exot., Paris, xiii. 

 no 8, October 1920, pp. 659-662, 3 figs. 



Phlehotomus hnnnpti, sp. n., here described, was taken in May in the 

 State of San Paulo, Brardl. This species is said to bite man all the year 

 round except on very cold nights. 



Noc (F.). Les Spirochetoses humaines a Dakar (Senegal).—/^////. Soc. 

 Path. Exot., Paris, xiii, no. 8, October 1920, pp. 672-679. 



In August 1919 investigations were begun at Senegal to ascertain 

 the possible existence and normal conditions of development of certain 

 spirochaetes. In the absence of yellow fever cases an examination 

 was made of native children and animals for the presence of Leptospira 

 icteroides, but only one young cat was found to harbour extremely 

 small spirochaetes in the kidney tissue. The pathogenicity of this 

 organism in relation to man has not yet been proved. The mosquitos 

 Culex fatigans. Anopheles (Myzomyia) funestus and Stegomyia fasciata 

 {calopus) were, also examined," and only in the latter species were small 

 organisms that morphologically resemble L. icteroides found in the 

 Malpighian tubes. These organisms were, however, not sufficiently 

 numerous to warrant evidence of virus conservation in mosquitos in 

 the absence of direct infection from man. The sole transmitter of 

 yellow fever is 5. fasciata directly infected from man within the first 

 three days of illness. 



The causal agent of spirochaetal jaundice [Spirochaeta icterohae- 

 morrhagiae] has been isolated in Dakar from November to April from 

 various species of rats. The virus, however, is widely distributed, and 

 may prove to be more abundant in the hot and rainy season. It still 

 remains to be determined whether this organism is distinct from that 

 causing yellow fever in man ; also whether it is the sole cause of 

 the lesions produced. It is possible that the virus transmitted by 

 Stegomyia is obtained from rodents, but further observations are 

 necessary on this point, as well as to determine whether the character 

 of this organism is of a specific nature or only the result of adaptation 

 in the invertebrate host. 



Blackwater fever has not yet been determined to be of definite 

 spirochaetal origin. At Dakar its relative frequency during the 

 cold season has been found to be in direct relation to the reappearance 

 of Anophelines in localities where the disease occurred amongst 

 Europeans. • Numerous spirochaetes were found in a liver scraping 

 taken from a patient after death, but there is no evidence of these 

 being the cause of the disease. 



Spirochaetes resembling those of recurrent fever are recorded, 

 apparently for the first time, in man at Dakar. Similar organisms 

 have already been found in a shrew, and proved pathogenic to 

 monkej^s. Further investigations on this subject are desirable. 



Franca (C.) & Parrot (L.). Introduction a I'fitude systematique des 



Dipteres du Genre Phlcbotomus. — Bull. Soc. Path. Exot., Paris, 

 xiii, no. 8, October 1920, pp. 695-708, 4 figs. 



The need for systematic work on the genus Phlcbotomus is of 

 enhanced urgency in view of the fact that these Diptera are known 



