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Fekmi (C). Sugli Anofeli e sulla Malaria in Relazione ai Risanamenti 

 antianofelo-malai'ici. Note sintetiche preliminari. lAii()i)lKliius 



and Malaria in Relation to Anti-anoplielinc and Anti-malaria 

 Sanitation Work. Preliminary Synthetic Notes.] — 157 pp. 

 [Supplement to Ann. d'Igiene, Rome, xxx, 1920.] 



The study of Anophcline mosquitos is steadily becoming more and 

 more important and requires intensified attention while the present 

 large-scale experiments in anti-mosquito work are in progress, and 

 state-conducted anti-mosquito and anti-malaria organisation is 

 imminent. This interesting paper aims at summarising results obtained 

 in Italy, of which a full account is to be published later. It deals with 

 the morphology and biology of Anophelines and Culicines in general, 

 observations on the Anopheles-msla.n-a. theory, researches on the early 

 and adult stages of Anophelines and measures against them. The 

 subject-matter is divided into 130 sections each of which briefly covers 

 a given point, and the mass of condensed information it contains 

 cannot be done justice to in an abstract. 



Southwell (T.). Fish and Mosquito Larvae in Bengal, Bihar and 

 Orissa, India. — Ann. Trap. Med. & Pavasit., Liverpool, xiv, 

 no. 2, 27th November 1920, pp. 181-186. 



The most important larvicidal fish that occur in fresh water in India 

 are Haplochilus panchax, H. melastigma and H. lineolatus ; there 

 are also many species of minor importance, such as Ambassis 

 nama, A. ranga, Badis badis, Barbiis spp., Anabas scandcns and 

 several others. 



In any attempt to use fish against mosquito larvae, there are a 

 few points that have to be considered. It is impossible to keep ponds 

 or large areas of water stocked with larvae-destroying fish, because 

 they are themselves devoured by larger predatory fish. Consequently 

 the utiHty of fish for destroying mosquito larvae is very limited. 

 There is, however, no doubt that some slight improvement would result 

 if more care was taken to stop the introduction of predatory species 

 into ponds. This could be effected by stocking with pure fry only, 

 instead of with mixed species. Carp are not predatory, and so may be 

 cultivated along with larvicidal fish. 



Oiling tends to kill small fish, and as it renders the water objectionable 

 for domestic purposes, this means of mosquito control is not considered 

 desirable by village populations. 



Blacklock (B.) & Carter (H. F.). Further Experiments with 

 Anopheles phimbeus, Stephens ; its Infection with P. falciparum 

 in England ; also Notes on the Apparatus and Technique employed. 



— Ann. Trop. Med. & Parasit., Liverpool, xiv, no. 2, 27th November 

 1920, pp. 275-282, 1 plate. 



In these experiments, of twelve females of Anopheles plumbeiis fed 

 once on one or other of two cases of simple tertian malaria [Plasmodium 

 vivax), and subsequently kept at room temperature varying from a 

 maximum of'22°C. (71° F.) to a minimum of 13° C. (55° F.), none 

 became infected. 



Of twelve females of A. plnmbeus fed once on a case of malignant 

 tertian malaria (P. praecox {falciparum) ) and subsequently kept at 

 28° C. (82° F.), none hved longer than eight days after the infected 

 feed ; one contained oocysts in the mid-gut. 



