8 



Tyzzer (E. E.) & Walker (E. L.). A Comparative Study of Leish- 

 7nania 'infantum of Infantile Kala Azar and Leptomonas 

 {Herpetomonas) ctenocephali parasitic in the Gut of the Dog Flea. — 



Jl. Med. Research, Boston, Mass., xl, no. 2, July 1919, pp. 129-176. 

 (Abstract in Trop. Dis. Bull., London, xv, no. 6, 15th June 1920, 

 pp. 439-441.) 



Investigations were undertaken to determine, if possible, the generic 

 and specific relationship of the above two organisms. The material 

 used was obtained in the case of Leishmania infantttm from a case of 

 infantile kala-azar in a Greek child in Massachusetts ; in the case of 

 Leptomonas {Herpetomonas) ctenocephali from fleas collected on dogs 

 in San Francisco and Boston. The conclusion reached is that the 

 two organisms are not identical. 



Story (C). The Spinose Ear-tick. Practical Suggestions for Sup- 

 pression. — Union S. Africa Jl. Dept. As,ric., Pretoria, \, no. 7, 

 October 1920, pp. 647-654, 5 figs. 



This paper, which gives an account of studies on the spinose ear-tick 

 [Ornithodorus megnini, Duges], is reprinted from the Farmer's Weekly, 

 10th December 1919, p. 1977, with comments by Mr. Lounsbury. 

 The chief points of difterence between the observations here described 

 and those of previous authors [R.A.E., B, i, 139 ; vi, 32 ; vii, 93] are 

 in the hiding places of the adult ticks and the habits of the young 

 larvae. The favourite hiding place appears to be the loose, dry 

 manure that fills the spaces between the stones at the bottom of the 

 kraal wall and for some distance inwards, and numbers of adults and 

 newly-hatched larvae were found in this situation. The larvae are 

 described as crawling to their host, not waiting to be picked up as the 

 animal passes, as do Ixodid ticks. 



Instances are recorded of natives working about cattle kraals being 

 attacked by 0. megnini. This tick also occasionally feeds on the skin 

 in the case of sheep. 



0. megnini is much more a pest of the kraal than of the veldt. As 

 mating takes place away from the host, "the chances are against the 

 females finding the males in the open ; and as the unfed larvae are 

 short-lived, as compared with Ixodids, their chances of finding a host 

 in the open are proportionately reduced. 



Young calves suffer most from this pest. Its bite seems to be highly 

 poisonous, producing swelling and abscesses, and ultimately death. 

 Infested kraals and cattle may be cleaned by systematic ear dressing 

 about once a fortnight in the manner described [loc. cit., vi, 32]. Care 

 must be taken not to smear the tar mixture on the hair in the ear, 

 otherwise when the ear is flapped the mixture reaches the eye and 

 causes rather severe irritation. 



Brug (S. L.). Onderzoek naar de Geschiktheid van Culex fatigans te 

 Batavia als Overbrenger van Filaria bancrofti. [An Investigation 

 into the Capacity of C. fatigans at Batavia to convey F. bancrofti.'] — 

 Geneesk. Tijdschr. Ned.-Indie, Batavia, Ix, no. 4, 1920, pp. 612-615. 



Infection with Filaria bancrofti is comparatively rare at Batavia, 

 and this was thought to be perhaps due to a reduced susceptibility 

 to infection on the part of Batavian mosquitos. ^Culex fatigans, known 



