49 



Using the life-cycle of T. leicisi as a standard lor c(Hnj)arison of 

 the life-cycle of a haemoflagellate or a trypanosome, and the life- 

 cycle of C. euryophthalmi as the standard of the life-cycle of a more 

 primitive crithidial flagellate, there arc more parallel stages and 

 phases in these two life-cycles than exist between the life-cycle of 

 any trypanosome and the life-cycle of any herpetomonad, or of any 

 leptomonad now known. Furthermore, the close correlation between 

 the two life-cycles of T. lewisi and C. eiiryophthalnii affords new 

 evidence that the e\^olution of a trypanosome has ])r(jbablv taken 

 place from a crithidial flagellate rather than from a herpetomonad or 

 leptomonad flagellate. 



The process of multiple fission by endogenous budding in the life- 

 cycle of C. euryophthalmi tends not only to establish another link in 

 common between the life-cycles of Trypanosoma {e.g., T. gambiense) 

 and the life-cycle of Crithidia, but also to link the life-cycle of Crithidia 

 more closely to the lower protozoan forms that contain numerous 

 Lcishmania-like bodies in their life-cycles. 



Blanc (C). Recherches sur les Maladies a Spirochetes du Rat trans- 

 missibles au Cobaye. — Arch. Inst. I'aslcur, Tunis, x\, no. A, 

 December 1920, pp. 229-237, 1 fig. 



Further work in connection with the virus of infecti\-e jaundice 

 in rats at Tunis [R. A.E., B, vii, 153] was carried out in 1919. 



It was found that the rats are infected at all seasons of the year 

 and in all their different refuges, though the infection is greater in the 

 slaughter-houses and the harbour than in the town. 



Experiments were made in insect transmission. Mosquitos infected 

 from guinea-pigs are not virulent after 24 hours, and Spirochaeta 

 icterohaemorrhagiae does not seem capable of development in Cidex 

 pipiens. Positive inoculations have shown that it exists for 24 hours 

 in a mosquito, but chsappears when the ingested blood is digested. 

 C. pipiens may be therefore excluded as a carrier. 



Leger (L.). Moustiques de Camargue. Un Anopheline nouveau 

 pour la Faune franpaise. le Mvzorhvnchns sinensis, Weid. — 

 C. R. Sac. Bio!., Paris. Ixxxiii"^ no.'37, 18th December 1920, 

 pp. 1609-1610. 



The only Anophelines hitherto known in France are A nobheles 

 ■macidipennis, Meig., .1. bifurcatits, L., and A. phtmheus, Hal. In 

 1919 the author found Anopheles hyrcanus. Pall. {Myzorhynchus 

 sinensis, Wied., var. pseudopictus, Grassi), in Camargue [the island 

 lying between the two principal mouths of the Rhone]. This species, 

 which, according to Grassi and Kinoshita, is easily infected with 

 Plasmodium vivax (benign tertian malaria), does not appear to have 

 been previously recorded from France. It occurs in the southern 

 part of the island, in the uninhabited fresh-water swamp region, and 

 was observed in August in some numbers. 



It was found together with Culex spp. Towards the east, where 

 canals and rice-fields occur, it is replaced by A. maculipennis, which 

 is more abundant but less aggressive. Near dwellings and brackish 

 water Cw/e.v spp., especially Culex [Ochlcrotatus) punciaius, Meig., 

 constantly attack man. 



