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PiRAS (L.). Anofelismo senza Malaria. [Anophelism without 

 Malaria.] — -L'Igiene Moderna, 1920, p. 1. (Abstract in Ann. 

 d'Igiene, Rome, xxx, no. 11, November 1920, p. 714.) [Received 

 21st January 1921.] 



This is a study of the question of the revival of an epidemic of 

 malaria in consequence of the return of infected troops to malarial 

 districts, or to districts where malaria has been absent for a long 

 time, though a few Anophelines are still present. The work was done 

 in the province of Genoa. 



The following conclusions are reached : — The most probable causes 

 of the disappearance of malaria in some localities of Genoa between 

 1885 and 1890 are the reduction in the number of Anophehnes, 

 owing to sanitation work on a small scale, and to changes in methods 

 of cultivation. In the Genoese localities that were malarial and where 

 Anophelines are still present, the introduction of human cases has not 

 led to an epidemic owing to the lack of the necessary number of 

 mosquitos. The sole exception is the commune of Vezzano Ligure, 

 where malaria will disappear as soon as the number of Anophelines is 

 reduced. There is therefore no reason to fear an increase of malaria 

 in consequence of the return of soldiers infected with malaria. 



Schumacher (F.). Holcocranum saturejae, Kol. (Hemipt.) im Neste 

 der Beutelmeise. \^H. saturejae in the Nest of Pants pendulinns.] 

 — Zeiischr. laiss. Insektenbiol., Berlin, xvi, no. 3-4, 31st December 

 1920, pp. 74-75. 



A Lygaeid bug, Holcocranum saturejae, Kol., is recorded from a 

 nest of Pants pendttlinus from the Volga. Development must have 

 occurred in the nest, as larvae were found as well as adults. It is 

 considered probable that, as the bug is common on the banks of 

 streams and near marshes in situations where P. pendulinns nests,, 

 the infestation was accidental, and not a case of true parasitism. 



Reyf,( — ). Milben in den Faces der Menschen. [Mites in Human 

 Excreta.] — Deutsche Med. Wochenschr., no. 37, 11th September 

 1919, p. 1026. (Abstract in Arch. Schiffs- n. Trop.-Hyg., 

 Leipsic, xxiv (1920), no. 12, January 1921, p. 385.) 



Tieche (1910) believed that mites could temporarily occur as internal 

 parasites in the human intestine, and Tsunoda (1910) thought, from 

 the large number of mites observed by him in human faeces, and from 

 the presence of their eggs, that they had lived in the intestine and 

 were capable of reproduction there. The author has found Tyroglyphid 

 mites and their eggs in many kinds of dried food-stuffs, and concludes 

 that the individuals found in human excreta are harmless. 



Westphalen ( — ). Milben in den Faces der Menschen. [Mites in 

 Human Excreta.] — Deutsche Med. Wochenschr., no. 48, 27th 

 November 1919, p. 1333. (Abstract in Arch. Schiffs- n. Trop.- 

 Hyg., Leipsic, xxiv (1920), no. 12, January 1921, p. 385.) 



With reference to the foregoing paper, it is mentioned that in a case 

 of chronic diarrhoea, periodically aggravated, mites, probably Tyro- 

 glyphids, were occasionally evacuated, apparently at times coinciding 



