82 



Phlehotomus papatasii, Scop., P. sergenti. Parr., Stcgoniyia fasciata, F./ 

 and Anopheles macidipennis, Meig., but they are not thought to be 

 incriminated in the transmission of the disease. Owing to the absence 

 or extreme rarity of camels and geckos in the island, man is considered 

 to be the only carrier of the virus. These observations confirm the 

 negative results of previous experiments with geckos as the reservoir 

 of the virus [R. A.E., B, viii, 181]. Experiments made with flies show 

 that five hours after contamination they are unable to transmit the 

 disease mechanically. 



Wesenberg-Lund (C). Contributions to the Biology of the Danish 

 Culicidae. — Mem. Acad. R. Sci. & Lettres, Copenhagen. Sec. Sci., 

 8th ser., vii, no. 1, 1921, 210 pp., 21 pis., 19 figs. 



In this work are published the results of a number of years' obser- 

 vations on Danish mosquitos by the author and his assistant, Wx. 

 Kryger, the observations having been made in field and laboratory, 

 mainly during the years 1917-1920. The paper includes not only a 

 large amount of hitherto unpublished matter, but also a summary 

 and discussion of the previous. work of the author and of other writers 

 on European mosquitos. 



An introductory chapter deals very fully with the morphology of 

 the Culicine larvae, especially as regards the mouth-parts and the 

 respiratory system. The relationship between structure and feeding- 

 habits (whether mainly at the water-surface or at the bottom) is 

 discussed, the conclusion being drawn that the mode of feeding is 

 connected with two distinct types of structure of the mouth-parts. 

 Modes of wintering, order of hatching in the spring, and blood-sucking 

 habits are also discussed. 



The main portion of the work is devoted to a complete account of 

 the structure, biology and distribution of the known Danish Culicine 

 mosquitos, the larvae of each species (where known) being illustrated. 

 In the descriptions of the larvae, in addition to characters that have 

 been in common use, stress is laid for diagnostic purposes on the 

 mouth-parts, the hair-formula of the front margin of the thorax, and 

 the number of hairs in the tufts composing the anal brush. 



The nomenclature has been revised to accord with the British 

 Museum practice, specimens of all the more obscure species having 

 been sent to Mr. F. W. Edwards for determination. The following 

 species are dealt yNii\v: — Aedes cinereus, Mg., Ochlerotatus caspius. 

 Pall., 0. curriei, Coq., 0. maculatus, Mg. {cantans, Mg.), 0. amiulipes, 

 Mg.,'o. vexans, Mg., 0. excrucians, Wlk., 0. lutesccns, F., 0. detritus, 

 Hai!, 0. communis, De G., 0. punctor, Kirby, 0. nigripes, Zett., 0. 

 prodotes, Dyar, 0. rusliciis, Rossi, 0. diantaeus, H. D. & K., 0. sticticus, 

 Mg., var. concinnus, Steph., 0. {Finlaya) genicidatus, 01., Taenio- 

 rhynchus richiardii. Fie, Theohaldia annulata, Schr., T. {Culicella) 

 morsitans, Theo., Cidcx pipiens. L., C. ciliaris. L_., C. nigritulus, Theo. 



{nee Zett.). 



Of these, 0. vexans, 0. pitnctor and 0. sticticus are very rare m 

 Denmark, and the larvae have not been found there. 0. nigripes is 

 described from Greenland only ; the author's previous record of this 

 species from Denmark proves to apply to a late autumn generation of 

 0. communis, which differs from the ordinary spring form in its some- 

 what larger size. C. ciliaris is distinguished from C. pipiens only 

 because of a peculiarity of habit of the adults. C. nigritulus is 

 described from larvae only, the adults having been lost. 0. excrucians. 



