90 



Legendre (J). Plan de Campagne antipaludique pour Madagascar.— 



Bull. Soc. Path. Exot., Paris, xiv, no. 2. 9th February 1921, 

 pp. 97-100. 



In previous papers [R.A.E., B, ii, 86 ; vi, 157] the author showed 

 that rice-fields and swamps, etc., especially the former, harboured the 

 malaria mosquitos. Anopheles [Cellia) squamosus and .4. {C.) pharoensis,. 

 that the spleen-index of school children at Antananarivo increased 

 according to the situation of their dwellings, and that the lower figures 

 are due to the presence of mosquito-destroying fish in rice-fields in the 

 plains, whereas rice-fields on the hill-sides have no fish. 



The measures required include anti-larval work, the prohibition of 

 certain crops needing irrigation [loc. cit.], and quinine prophylaxis. 

 The anti-larval work must include an ordered system of rice-field 

 irrigation, in which provision should be made for rapidly drying the- 

 fields after harvesting. This was enforced for agricultural reasons in- 

 the days before the French occupation, and is valuable against the last 

 generations of larvae. Pisciculture should be encouraged, and the 

 natives should be shown that crops more remunerative than rice 

 can be grown on the hill-sides. 



RouBAUD (E.). Les Dipteres et la Pathologie exotique. — Bull. Soc.^ 

 Path. Exot., Paris, xiv, no. 2, 9th February 1921, pp. 58-65. 



The role played by Diptera in connection with disease was rapidly 

 reviewed in the course of this informal address to the Societe de 

 Pathologie exotique. 



Velu (H.). La Piroplasmose bovine au Maroc et ses Rapports avee les 

 Piroplasmoses eireummediterraneennes. — Bull. Soc. Path. Exot., 

 Pans, xiv, no. 2, 9th February 1921, pp. 116-124. 



The forms of piroplasmosis in the Mediterranean region are rarely 

 pure strains. The haemoglobinuria of Central and Northern Europe 

 is exclusively due to Piroplasma bigeminum or P. bovis, and African 

 Coast fever exclusively to Theileria parva, while the piroplasmoses 

 of the Mediterranean basin are caused by associated parasites (P. 

 bigeminum and Theileria mutans, P. bigeminum and Anaplasma 

 marginale, T. parva and T. mutans), of which the types T. parva and 

 T. mutans seem to be peculiar to this region. 



The presence of T. mutans has been recognised in Eritrea, and 

 piroplasms resembling it have been found in cattle from Tunisia. 

 On the White Nile T. mutans has been found associated with A . mar- 

 ginale. In the region of Trebizond cattle from Russia showed mixed 

 infections of P. bigeminum, T. annulata, and^. marginale. T. mutans 

 and P. bigeminum are said to be associated in Greek cattle. It is 

 possible that not P. bigeminum, but one of the pyriform organisms, 

 such as have been reported from various parts of the world, was- 

 concerned. 



In Morocco bovine piroplasmosis seems to be a pure infection,, 

 permitting accurate research on the agents and their carriers, and- 

 thus helping towards the solution of the problem of preventive- 

 immunisation. 



