128 



Pratt- Johnson (J.). The Distribution of Malaria in South Africa 

 and a Mosquito Survey of MiUtary Hospital Aieas.^Jl. of Hyg., 

 Cambridge, xix, no. 4, March 1921, pp. 344-349. 



The information given has been compiled chiefly from the reports 

 of Government Medical Officers and Health Officials circularised 

 regarding the areas affected in each district, the type or types of 

 malaria existing, the incidence of the disease, and the Anophelines 

 identified. 



In spite of the introduction, since 1915, of infective material, no 

 indigenous cases of malaria seem to have occurred near East London, 

 and Anophelines are not common there. The larvae of Anopheles 

 (Myzorhynchiis) paludis, considered to be identical with Anopheles 

 mauritianiis, have been found. On one occasion a single imago of 

 A . {M.) natalensis was taken, but its breeding- place remained unlocated. 



Prior to 1918 no cases of malaria had been reported in Durban for 

 10 years, but some have occurred since at an Indian labour camp 

 and in its neighbourhood. The mosquitos identified were Anopheles 

 (Pyretophorns) costalis and A . maiiritianiis. The Durban corporation 

 maintains a mosquito brigade. 



In the Northern Transvaal there were outbreaks of malaria of a 

 malignant type in 1912 and 1913. A benign type is found every year 

 along the rivers. 



A mosquito survey of military hospital areas gave the following 

 result: — From Roberts Heights: Anopheles costalis, A. squamosns, 

 A. manritianns, Stegomyia simpsoni, Ochleroiatus cahalhts, Theohaldia 

 longiareolata, Culex tipidifoymis , C. tigripes and C. faiigans. From 

 Potchefstroom : A . squamosus, Banksinella lineatopennis, 0. cabalhis, 

 T. longiareolata and C. faiigans. From Cape Town : A. cinereus, 

 A. mauritianus, T. longiareolata, A. tipidiformis , C. tigripes, 

 C. pipiens, C. fatigans and C. salisburiensis. From Durban : 

 A. mauritianus, A. squamosus, S. fasciata, S. simpsoni and 

 C. fatigans. A. costalis was also found in Durban, but not in the 

 hospital area there. 



Craig (C. F.). The Etiology of Dengue Fever. — //. Amer. Med. 

 Assoc, Chicago, III., Ixxv, no. 18, 30th October 1920, pp. 1171- 

 1176. 



This is a summary of present-day knowledge of the etiology of 

 dengue. The author concludes that this fever is caused by a parasite 

 very closely related to that believed to cause yellow fever {Leptospira 

 icteroides), and that a search for a similar organism offers the most 

 promising chance of demonstrating the causal agent. 



While it appears to be proved beyond question that Stegomyia 

 fasciata transmits this disease in Australia, the author is also of opinion 

 that it has not yet been proved that Ctdex fatigans cannot transmit 

 the infection. 



Connor (M. E.). Yellow Fever Control in Ecuador. Final Report. 



— //. Amer. Med. Assoc, Chicago, III., Ixxv, no. 18, 30th October 

 1920, pp. 1184-1187, 2 figs. 



The previous report has already been noticed [R.A.E., B, ix, 6]. 



A very definite correlation was established between the number 

 of tanks forming breeding places of Stegomyia [fasciata] and the number 

 of yellow fever cases. The disease was eradicated by rendering the 



