130 



VON Bassewitz (E.). a Sanguesuga " Hacnienteria offic." Trans- 

 missora da Pyroplasmose equina sul-americana "Mai de Cadeiras." 



[The Medicinal Leech as Transmitter of South American Equine 

 Trypanosomiasis, Mai de Caderas.] — ■Brazil-Medico, Rio de Janeiro^ 

 xxxiv, no 18, 1st May 1920, pp. 283-285. 

 In view of the author's statement as to the transmission of Mai de 

 Caderas by leeches [R.A.E., B, viii, 102], further details are given. 

 Subsequent to the application of common medicinal leeches ( Haemen- 

 teria officinalis) to a foal, the animal became affected with an inter- 

 mittent type of fever that developed into a typical case of Mai de 

 Caderas, the trypanosome of which was found in its blood. 



The author has previously observed that infected horses could 

 safely be allowed to run with healthy ones even though blood-sucking 

 insects were present in numbers. 



Gill (C. A.) & Harnam Singh (B.). Report on the Malaria in Thanesar 

 Town. — -Lahore, Supt. Govt. Printing, Punjab, 1920, v + 16 pp., 

 2 maps. [Not for sale.] 



Thanesar is a partly ruined town situated on mounds produced 

 by huge surrounding excavations, and is extremely unhealthy owing 

 to a high degree of endemic malaria. A chain of tanks and ponds 

 almost completely encircles it, and in these, as well as in the swamps 

 and drains surrounding them and in the pools among the ruins, 

 Anopheline larvae breed in large numbers. The ruined buildings 

 and the abundant vegetation in and around the town provide a suitable 

 environment for the adults. Mosquitos are exceptionally prevalent, 

 and even half a mile from the town, malaria-carrying species can be 

 readily captured even as late in the year as December. 



During the winter months, and in the most suitable situations. 

 Anopheles fuliginosiis and A. siihpictus {rossi) were captured in small 

 numbers. In October the conditions were entirely different, and 

 .4. culicifacies and A. subpictus were present in large numbers 

 throughout the area. A. fuliginosits and A. fowleri were also 

 abundant, especially in stables and cowsheds, whilst a few examples 

 of ^. hyrcaniis (sinensis), A . stephensi and A . harhirostris were captured. 

 In March, A.fuliginosus was the only adult taken, except for a single 

 specimen of A. hyrcaniis. 



A list of the breeding-places is given, together with the species of 

 larvae found. 



The removal of the town to a more salubrious neighbourhood three 

 or four miles distant is the proposed solution for the elimination of 

 malaria. 



Darling (S. T.). Experimental Inoculation of Malaria by means of 



Anopheles ludlowi. — //. Experim. Med., Baltimore, Md., xxxii, 

 no. 3, 1st September 1920, pp. 313-329, 3 charts. (Abstract in 

 Trop. Dis. Bull., London, xvii, no. 2, 14th February 1921, 

 pp. 144-145.) 

 Experiments showing Anopheles ludlowi to be a carrier of malaria 

 are described. 



In a village on the north shore of Java the splenic index was 97 

 and the parasitic index 29 per cent. The mosquitos were chiefly 

 A. ludlowi, and 6 out of 58 of them contained malarial zygotes. From 

 larvae from fish reservoirs only A. ludlowi emerged, while of 121 

 captured examples of A. snhpictns [rossi) all proved free from infection. 



