142 



the diagnosis can rarely be made soon enough to give the antidote a 

 chance. If the chemical antidote is not at hand, or if several hours have 

 elapsed, demulcent drinks, such as well-boiled flour or oatmeal gruel 

 thinned with plenty of fresh milk, together with a sedative, such as 

 tincture of opium or chlorodyne, may be tried. For adult horses and 

 cattle the dose of these di"ugs is 1-2 oz. according to size, repeated 

 every six hours whilst the pain and diarrhoea continue. The 

 subcutaneous injection of 4-grain doses of morphia in the first stages 

 retards absorption of the arsenic, and in later stages relieves the pain 

 and inflammation. Purgatives are contra-indicated. 



Carron oil, made by shaking together equal parts of lime-water 

 and linseed oil, will soothe cases of scalding of the skin caused by 

 dips. 



Hesse (E.). Bemerkung zu : E. Engel, Dipteren, die nicht Pupi- 

 paren sind, als Vogelparasiten. [A Note on Engel's Paper, 

 " Non-pupiparous Diptera as Bird-Parasites."] — Zeitschr. wiss. 

 InsektcnbioL, Berlin, xvi, no. 7-8, 1st June 1921, p. 154. 



To the species mentioned in Engel's paper [R.A.E., B, ix, 20] 

 the author adds Lucilia cacsar, L., of which he found three females 

 ovipositing on a live nestling of Turdus viscivoriis. 



Federici (E). Sulla Lotta naturale contro le Larve di Anopheles 

 per Mezzo degli Insetti acquatiei. [Natural Control of the Larvae 



of Anopheles by means of Aquatic Insects.] — Rend. R. Accad. 

 Naz. Lineei, Rome, Classe Sci. fisiche, matemat. e naturali, xxix, 

 nos. 3-6, 7-8, 1920, pp. 170-173, 244-247. 



As a result of a study of the natural control of Anopheline larvae 

 by aquatic insects, it is pointed out that the larvae are to a great 

 measure protected by their horizontal position at the surface and close 

 to plants, and that their peculiar life-conditions also tend to assist 

 them. Rhynchota of the genera Naitcoris, Notonecta and Corisa, and 

 Odonata of the genera Aeschna, Anax, Calopteryx, Goniphus, Agrion 

 and Lestes do destroy some larvae, but not in sufficient numbers to be 

 of real value. 



Grassi (B.). L'Anofele pud propagare la Malaria anche direttamente ? 



[Can y4;?o/)//t'/t's also transmit Malaria directly ? J — Rend. R. Accad. 

 Naz. Lineei, Rome, Classe Sci. flsiche, matemat. e naturali, xx.x, 

 no. 1, 2nd January 1921, pp. 7-8. 



During the summer of 1920 few Anophelines were met with at 

 Fiumicino and intestinal examination of over 200 specimens showed 

 them to be regularly free from malarial parasites. Furthermore, cases 

 of malaria relapse were very rare. There seemed, therefore, a certainty 

 that new infections would not occur. On the contrary, however, 

 several did occur, and some of them under conditions that seem to point 

 to a direct transmission in the sense that an Anopheline that is biting 

 an infected person may, when driven off, bite a healthy individual 

 and infect him by regurgitating the infected blood just obtained. An 

 experiment to test this hypothesis is about to be made. 



