143 



Bora (E). Contributi alia Storia naturale degli Anofeli e alia Lotta 

 biologica contro di essi. LContributions to the Natural History 

 of Anopliclincs and to their Biological Control.]— Rend. R. Accad. 

 Xaz. Lined, Rome, Classe Sci. fisiche, mateinat. c naturali, xxx, 

 no. 4, 20th February 1921, pp. 122-125. 



At Fiumicino experiments, during which a stable was opened and 

 closed at varying times, showed that xAnophelines entered chiefly 

 in the early morning, that considerable mmibers also enter at sunset, 

 that isolated arrivals occur during the night, and that by day only 

 a few enter, and, as a rule, only if the stable is near to mosquito-infested 

 water. The Anophelines entering during the night are nearly all 

 engorged with blood ; of the others, only a small percentage. Anophe- 

 lines do not bite for some hours after they enter, appearing to await a 

 favourable opportunity. 



A section of canal, about 100 yards long, was foimd in July 1920 

 to harbour many larvae of Anopheles bifurcatus {elavigey) and large 

 numbers of a small tish, Cyprinodon calaritanus. In the first fortnight 

 of August both fish and larvae disappeared. This does not seem to 

 favour the method of employing fishes to destroy the larvae. 



In a section of canal, about 150 yards long, where larvae were abun- 

 dant, 18 ducks were kept for a month without any visible decrease in 

 the number of larvae. Some hundreds of larvae and Myriophyllnm 

 grass were placed in a tub surrounded with wire netting, into which 

 two ducks that had been kept without food were admitted. 

 Examination of their stomachs after two hours showed no larvae, but 

 only fragments of MyriopJiyUum and some snails. This appears to 

 show that ducks are of little use in anti-larval work. 



Martini (E.). Berechnungen und Beobachtungen zur Epidemiologie 

 und Bekampfung der Malaria auJ Grund von Balkanerfahrungen. 



[Calculations and Observations based on Experience gained in the 

 Balkans, relating to the Epidemiology and Control of Malaria]. — 

 Hamhnrg, Wissenschaftlicher Verlag, W. Gente, 1921, 107 pp. 

 [Price 15 Marks. j 



This study on the epidemiology and control of malaria is based on 

 observations made in 1918 in the Balkans. 



Important problems, such as the number of simple and multiple 

 infections to be expected among the cases that occur when a number 

 of troops are billeted in a malarial region, and the effect of quinine 

 on the incidence of malaria, are outlined, and an attempt is made to 

 solve them by means of applied mathematics, the work having been 

 nearly completed when the author became acquainted with Ross's 

 important mathematical study on the epidemiology of malaria. 



The author's views on the unicist theory of malaria and the section 

 dealing with Anopheline mosquitos have already been noticed [R. A.E., 

 B, viii, 169; ix, 91]. 



SuRCOi'F (J. M. R.). Note synonymique sur la Diachlorns maroecanus. 

 Bigot (Dipt. Tabanidae). — lUtll. Soe. Ent. France, Paris, 1921, 

 no. 9, 11th May 1921, p. 143. 



Bigot, in 1892, described Diaehlorns niaroccanns from a male cap- 

 tured at Tangiers. It was thought unlikely that a species of 



