155 



Pii.T (R). Igiene del Coniglio e degli Animali di Bassa Corte. [The 

 Hygiene of the Rabbit and of Domestic Dirds.] — Allcvnmcnti, 

 Palermo, ii, no. 7, 1st Jnly 1921, pp. 212 216. 



Rabbit mange is due io Sairopirs, if in tlie nose, and to Dermato- 

 dcctes ciiniciili, if in the ears. The infestation yields to treatment 

 with quassia soap, Hehiierieh's pomade [R.A.E., B, vi. 111], or 

 that advised by Prof. Alessandrini, which is made up of cliloroform 

 1 part, petroleum 1 part, and olive oil 2 parts. 



Franca (C). An early Portuguese Contribution to TropicalMedieine.— 



Trans. R. Soc. Trop. Med. & f^^'g-, London, xv, no. 1-2, 18th 

 March-20th May 1921, pp. 57-60. "'^ 



This paper deals with the scientific discoveries made ])y the Portu- 

 guese in the 15th and 16th centuries. 



Caspar Affonso (1596) gives one of the most complete accounts of 

 Dermatophiliis penetrans, showing that these fleas, contrary to the 

 statements in works on tropical pathology, existed in the sixteenth 

 century in India as well as Brazil. 



In 1587, Gabriel Scares de Souza, in an interesting description of 

 Brazil, clearly states the part insects play in the transmission of Fram- 

 hoesia tropica. He says that flies suck poisons from sores, then leave 

 them in abrasions on healthy persons, and thus many people are infected. 

 It is not until recent times that the conditions necessary for the trans- 

 mission of this disease by flies has begun to be understood, and in 

 1907 Castellani demonstrated experimentally that flies can transmit 

 Treponema pertenne. 



Johnston (T. H.). The Sheep Maggot Fly Problem in Queensland.— 



Queensland Agric. JL, Brisbane, xv, pt. 6, June 1921, pp. 244- 

 248, 1 plate. 



vSheep-maggot flies in Queensland cause an annual loss of sheep 

 of about 5 per cent. Artificial control, by means of chemical applica- 

 tions, however successful, does not reduce the fly preponderance, and 

 has to be repeated each year. This paper deals with investigations 

 into methods of reducing the pest by means of natural enemies, 

 which have been carried out in Brisbane for the last few years. 



The following are the more important blowflies recorded near Bris- 

 bane : Chrysomyia {Pycnosoma) rufifacics (sheep or hairy maggot fly), 

 Chrysomyia {Microcalliphora) varipes (small hairy maggot fly), Lncilia 

 spp. (L. sericata is usually applied, but several distinct species are 

 included in this term in Australia), Anastellorhina [Paracalliphora) 

 augur, Ophyra nigra (small shining black blowfly), Sarcophaga sp., 

 Clirysomyia {Lucilia) dux (deep blue l)lowil\), Chrysomyia mcisur alls, 

 Neocalliphora ochracea, PoUenia {Neopollenia) sfygia (golden- 

 haired blowfly), Svnthesio7nyia hrasiliana, Muscina slabulans, Ophyra 

 analis, and Calliphora crylhrocephala (which occurs in vSydney, but 

 has not been observed in Queensland) . A summary of results regarding 

 the first six flies from work carried out in the University Laboratory 

 is here given. The total life-cycle of the first three lasts from 

 9-14 days, and the next three from 19-40 days. 



The following Hymenopterous parasites, which destroy the flies 

 in either the pupal or larval stage, have been studied in New South 

 Wales and Brisbane. The Chalcid, Nasonia hrevicornis, has been 

 widely distributed [R.A.E., B, vii, 100]. The female lays an average 



