Ninth Report of the State Entomologist 435 



boiled together for half an hour in two to five gallons of 

 water, and then diluting it to about one hundred gallons of 

 water. The mixtui'e prepared as above contains absolutely no soluble 

 arsenic; and it was clearly shown that the "burning" or "scorching" 

 of leaves is due entirely to the soluble arsenic present, and is in direct 

 proportion to its amount. 



Arsenites with Bordeaux Mixture, — Mr. Kilgore also reports: "Prac- 

 tical tests of the effect upon foliage of combinations of Paris green 

 and London purple, each with Bordeaux mixture, were made. These 

 combinations contained one pound of Paris green and one pound of 

 London purple, separately, in 150 gallons of Bordeaux mixture, and 

 applied to fig, grape, mulberry, blackberry, peach, pear, and apple 

 leaves. Each mixture was tested for soluble arsenic, but none was 

 found in any case. Nor did the slightest injury result to any of the 

 leaves from these combinations. Some experiments were also made 

 with combinations containing one pound of the arsenites to 100 gallons 

 of Bordeaux mixture, with the same results as the above. Both theory 

 and practice show these combinations to be perfectly harmless to 

 foliage, and that they may be used with freedom," 



These results are accompanied with elaborate tables, on which thej'' 

 are based. The use of lime for neutralizing the injurious effects of the 

 arsenites is in accord with the publications of Professor Gillette, in 

 Bulletin No. 10 of the Iowa Agricultural Experiment Station. Pro- 

 fessor Kilgore's experiments were made in July, 1890, but their 

 publication was delayed until a year thereafter. (See Technical Bulletin 

 No, 2, of the North Carolina Agricultural Experiment Station, Raleigh, 

 July 1, 1891.) 



E. G, Lodeman, of the Cornell (N. Y,) Station (Bulletin 48), has 

 found excellent results to follow the combination of Paris green and 

 Bordeaux mixture for spraying apple trees to combat codling-moth and 

 apple-scab. His conclusions upon this point are as follows: 



" When Paris green was added to the Bordeaux mixture, the fungi- 

 cidal action of the combination was more marked than when London 

 purple was used in place of Paris green, 



" Paris green has a certain fungicidal value, but in this respect it 

 does not nearly equal the Bordeaux mixture, 



" The value of Paris green as an insecticide does not appear to be 

 materially affected, whether it is applied alone or in combination with 

 the Bordeaux mixture. 



" The insecticidal value of Paris green when used with the Bordeaux 

 mixture was greater than that of London purple when similarly 

 applied," 



