106 Table of Conteivts. 



PAGE. 



Its different stages, 132. The simple cocoon made b}' it, 132. Chance 

 of the insect being eaten with the berries, 132. Its degree of abund- 

 ance and its range in the United States, 133. 



BuccuLATRix Canadensisella, the Birch-leaf Bucculatrix 133 



Its bibHography, 133. Its operations at Ausable Forks, N. Y., 133. 

 A severe attack on birches at Scottsville, N. Y.,jl34. Its beautiful dis- 

 section of the leaves, 134. Figures of the insect and its work, 134. 

 Description and figures of the caterpillar, 135. Its presence in Wash- 

 ington Park, Albany, 135. The molting-cocoon described, 135. 

 Entrance into and occupancy of the cocoon, 136. The cocoon proper 

 described and figured, 136. Compared with the Bucculatrix pomifoli- 

 ella cocoon, 136. Where the cocoons are placed, 137. Detailed 

 account of the construction of the cocoon, 137. Differently described 

 by Mr. Fletcher, 138. Difference in the cocoon of B. avibrosuefoUella, 

 138. The moth of tlie birch-leaf Bucculatrix described, 139. Its life- 

 history has not been studied, 139. What is known of its habits and 

 transformations, 139. The injuries of the larva, 140. Its occurrence 

 in New York, New England and Canada, 140. How it may be 

 destroyed, 140. 



DiPLOSiS PYRivoRA, the Pear Midge 140 



Its synonymy and bibliography, 140. Numiier of insects attacking the 

 apple tree, 141. The pear tree hitherto, comparatively free from insect 

 injury, 141. Two new destructive pear tree pests in the Hudson river 

 valley, the pear midge and the pear-tree Psylla, 141. The pear midge 

 figured, 142. Features of the larva and fly, 142. First noticed in this 

 country at Meriden, Conn., 142. Its injuries at Meriden, 142. Studied 

 by the Entomological Division of the U. S. Department of Agriculture, 

 143. Is it the Ceciaomyia nigra of Meigen? 143. Described by Dr. 

 Riley as C pyrivora, 143. Efforts for its extermination at Meriden, 

 143. Why the effort failed, 143. Its discovery at Catskill, N. Y., in 

 1891, 144. How the larvae infest the fruit, 144. Varieties of pears 

 infested by it, 144. Its presence in Mr. Cole's orchards, 144. Figures 

 showing the infested fruit, 145. Infested pears readily recognized, 145. 

 Characters of the infestation, 146. Number of larva? in a pear, 146. 

 When they leave the fruit, 146. How they escape from it, 146. How 

 the infested fruit is affected, 146. The larva described and figured, 

 147. Observations on the larva? entering the ground for pupation, 147. 

 Character of the cocoon, 148. When pupation occurs, 148. When the 

 perfect insect emerges, 148. The midge described, 148. The male 

 genitalia figured, 148. The eggs are deposited in the blossom, 149. 

 Oviposition as described by Schmidberger, 149. The midge attack as 

 observed at Ghent, N. Y. , 150. Progress of attack from Meriden west- 

 ward, 150. Its commencement at Albany, 150. Arresting the attack 

 by picking and burning the infested fruit, 150. Using the Lawrence 

 pear as a lure for oviposition and subsequently destroying the blossoms 



