EiGHiH Report of the State Entomologist. 



217 



Inclosed I mail you two insects; the little green one is easy to find, 

 but the other is more difficult to detect. It is a worm in a sheath, 

 which« when fastened to the leaf, stands out at an angle of 45°, and 

 looks, to the naked eye, something like a lettuce seed. When detached 

 from the leaf, it comes (partly) out from the sheath and crawls like a 

 worm. If touched it quickly draws back into its sheath. There are 

 millions of the first named insects, and but few of the last in my 

 orchard. Please give me their names and the probability of the latter 

 to increase and do damage. 



The green insects, of M'hich there were many creeping over the open- 

 ing buds, are the conmion apple-tree aphis. Aphis nioli Fabr. They 

 are still quite small, but have 

 already undergone one molting 

 since hatching from the eggs, as 

 numbers of their cast shriveled 

 skins are fastened to the buds. 

 Wherever abundant, the injury 

 that this insect causes in extract- 

 ing the sap from the buds is so 

 great that its increase should be 

 prom})tly arrested by sprayitig 



Fig. 52. 



Apple-tree aphis, Aphi.s mali; winged and 

 wingless forms. 



with a strong soap solution, to- 

 bacco water, or the kerosene emulsion^ — the last, the most reliable. 



The other insect, inclosed in a " sheath," is the apple-tree case-bearer, 

 Coleophora maUvorella Riley. It is apparently rare in the State of 



New York, as it is 

 but the second time 

 that it has come to 

 my notice, the first 

 having been noticed 

 in the Country Gtn- 

 tleraan for July 6th, 

 1882 (vol. xlvii, p. 

 533), as occurring lu 

 South Byron, Gen- 

 esee county, N. Y. 

 Its eggs were laid last 

 July — the caterpil- 



FiG. 53. — The apple-tree case-bearer, Coleophora malivorella. — iSl'S natciling tliere- 

 o, a, a, the cases containing the larva;, shown in natural size ; f „„™ ;„ ^oi^tomlior 

 b, larva, enlarged; c, pupa, enlarged: d, the moth enlarged. •'■*'-' '-'^ ^'^ oepiemuej, 

 (From Riley.) ^^^ ^^ ^^^^ inclosing 



themselves in a brown, parchment-like cylindrical case, leaving an 

 ojiening for the head and anterior segments to protrude, so as to admit of 



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