164 Fiftieth Eeport on the State Museum 



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Leucania unipuncta, tlae Army-Worm 190 



Bibliography, 190. Widespread occurrence over the State, 194. Un- 

 precedented ravages in New York State, 194. List of counties where 

 the army-worm caused losses, 195. The incalculable extent of damages 

 inflicted, 195. Numbers at Easthampton, L. I., 195. Severity of attack 

 in Putnam county, 196. Its operations in Dutchess, Orange and Colum- 

 bia counties, 196. Eavages in Otsego and Chenango counties, 196. 

 Swarming in Chautauqua and Lewis counties, 197. Havoc in Oneida, 

 Wayne and Madison counties, 197. Operations on corn and timothy il- 

 lustrated, 197. Work in rye and oats in Albany county, 197. Telegrams 

 and letters indicate the rapid and grave losses, 198. Attacking corn at 

 Ellerslie and Kinderhook, 198. Ravages in New England states, 198. 

 Damage in other states, 198. Earlier losses in the State of New York, 

 199. Its extended distribution in the United States, 199. Cosmopolitan 

 in habitat, 200. The eggs described, 200. Characters of the newly 

 hatched larva, 200. Changes after the first molt, 200. Variations and 

 description of full-grown caterpillars, 201. Light and dark varieties 

 figured, 201. The pupa described, 201. Description of the imago and 

 figures, 202. Importance of knowing its life-history, 202. Extended flight 

 of the moths, 202. Attracted to flowers, berries and plant-lice, 202. 

 Place and manner of oviposition, 203. Habits and growth of the young 

 larvje, 203. Marching habit abnormal, 204. Direction of march de- 

 termined by chance, 204. The army-worms travel in a straight line un- 

 less deflected by heat, 205. Will migrate a short distance for pupation 

 at times, 205. Cut-worms associated in an army-worm attack, 205. 

 Members of grass family the favorite food, 205. Other food-plants, 206. 

 Simultaneous pupation, 206. Appearance of the second generation of 

 army-worms, 206. The third brood and number of generations, 207. 

 Life-history summarized, 207. Effect of climatic conditions on army- 

 worm, 208. A bacterial disease, 208. Vertebrates devouring army- 

 worms, 208. Predaceous insects attacking the army- worm, 209. Para- 

 sitic diptera and their habits, 210. Some flies, which are probably not 

 all parasites, reared from army-worms, 210. Hymeuopterous parasites, 

 210. Destroying hibernating forms by fire, a remedy, 211. Clean culti- 

 vation an excellent preventive, 211. Encouraging natural enemies 

 recommended, 212. Watch for the beginning of an attack, 212. Lime, 



