Twelfth Report of the State Entomologist 247 



Distribution. 



The ravages of this insect have been reported from the Provinces of 

 Ontario and Quebec, and from the following states : Massachusetts, 

 Rhode Island, New York, New Jersey, Kentucky, lUinois and Michigan. 

 In all probability it occurs also in the intervening states of Pennsylvania, 

 Ohio and Indiana. 



Parasites. 



Several parasites have been bred from this insect or the species asso- 

 ciated with it in infested trees, but they are comparatively few in number 

 and can therefore be of little importance in keeping this pest or its 

 associates in check. The parasites apparently have not been identified 

 or referred positively to the proper host. 



Remedies. 



Badly infested trees should be cut and the wood burned or the grubs 

 within destroyed in the winter or early spring before they have had an 

 opportunity to escape and perpetuate their kind. 



If the attack has not proceeded too far, protection may probably be 

 obtained by coating the bark with some thick repellent substance (of 

 which carbolic acid and Paris green should be components) that would 

 repel egg deposit or prevent the entrance of the newly hatched larvae. 

 This coating need not be applied to the entire trunk, but might be limited 

 to a broad zone of several feet, at and beyOnd that part where the bur- 

 rows of the preceding year were mainly run — to be found by removing 

 portions of the bark, which will readily scale off from the older infested 

 portions. 



A still better remedy, probably, would be the following : Remove the 

 outer bark from the entire infested portion of the tree in the spring 

 (occupied at the time by the larvae or the pupae) by shaving it down to 

 the inner bark until the first indications of the fresh burrows are disclosed. 

 A kerosene emulsion of good strength brushed over the shaven surface 

 would kill the insects, after which a coating of some thick substance, as 

 lime and cow-dung, should be applied to prevent the splitting of the sap- 

 wood from exposure to the sun, drying winds or extreme weather. 



That the barking of elms to even a greater extent than the above may 

 safely be resorted to, appears from experiments made in France by M. 

 Robert, detailed in the Gardeners' Chronicle and Agricultural Gazette, 

 for April 29th, 1848, and quoted by Dr. Packard in his report on " Insects 

 Injurious to Forest and Shade Trees " (1890), as follows : 



