Twelfth Report of the State Entomologist 263 



Remedies. 



The proper and most satisfactory method of dealing with this insect is 

 by spraying with the arsenites (one pound Paris green to 200 gallons 

 of water) when the recently hatched larvae are beginning to feed, as has 

 been frequently pointed out before. Unfortunately for the general 

 adoption of this means, the machinery necessary for spraying large trees 

 is so expensive as to place it beyond the reach of many. Where a large 

 number of the shade trees in a city are to be treated, some form of a 

 steam apparatus for spraying appears to do the work with the greatest 

 efficiency and economy. Although the machinery may be expensive, the 

 cost of spraying per tree is by no means large. The abundance of the 

 elm-leaf beetle in various cities has forced the authorities to resort to 

 efficient means for protecting the trees. The cities of New Haven, 

 Conn. ; Springlield and Holyoke, Mass. ; and Brooklyn, N. Y., have had 

 constructed various successful forms of steam sprayers. Some difficulty 

 was experienced in using the machines in these cities, either on account 

 of their large size or the noise made by them while in operation. In New 

 Haven it was found necessary to close the street during the spraying to 

 avoid frightening the horses. Among the best of these may be men- 

 tioned the spraying apparatus constructed under the supervision of Dr. 

 E. B. Southwick for the department of public parks of the city of New York. 

 It consists of a " Diamler" gasolene motor connected with a three-piston 

 Gould pump, the latter the smallest size of that pattern. The motor 

 and the pump weigh about 300 pounds. The whole can be placed in a 

 spring wagon with a 100 gallon, or larger, tank. The motor costs $250, 

 and the pump about $50. The machine can be operated at the cost 

 of but a few cents a day and makes so little noise when running as 

 to scarcely attract the attention of passing horses. This apparatus will 

 probably be found much more satisfactory than any makeshift, although 

 it involves a greater outlay at first. For description of this apparatus, 

 see the excellent paper by Dr. L. O. Howard on " The use of steam ap- 

 paratus for spraying," in the Year Book of the U. S. Department of Agri- 

 culture for 1896, pages 69 to 88, from which the preceding has been 

 taken. 



There are now, and probably will be, a number of cities and large vil- 

 lages where this pest is prosecuting its destructive work, and where those 

 in authority will not take the steps necessary for protection against it. In 

 such localities there is an opportunity for some enterprising individual 

 to fit up the proper apparatus and contract with property owners for 

 -spraying their trees either at so much a tree, or at so much for the season. 



