Eleventh Report of the State Entomologist 121 



destroy the Apple worm until after the fruit is set and the eggs deposited 

 thereon, but of the two hundred and eighty known species of insect 

 depredators on the Apple* (not referring to those infesting other fruits) it 

 would be strange indeed if there were no others which are specially 

 vulnerable before the setting of the fruit. Let me name a few of those 

 that could be reached at this time. 



The well-known Apple-tree Tent-caterpillar of Clisiocampa Americana 

 Harris, attacks the bursting buds and the young leaves. 



The caterpillars of the White-marked Tussock-moth ( Orgyia leucostigma, 

 Sm.-Abb.) hatch from the eggs about the middle of May and commence 

 their destructive work. 



Among the cut-worms there are a number of climbing species, four ot 

 which have been identified, viz., Agrotis clandestina Harris, A. scandeus 

 Riley, A. messoria Harris, and A. saiicia fHiibn.), which are known to 

 ascend apple and other fruit trees to feed upon the blossom and leaf-buds 

 and the tender leaves. The odd-looking caterpillar of Catocala grynea 

 (Cramer), feeds on the foliage of the apple in May, and those of Catocala 

 ultronia (Hiibner) are often shaken from plum trees when jarring them for 

 the curculio. 



The Canker Worm [Anisopieryx ver?iata, Peck) usually appears as the 

 young leaves are pushing from the bud. 



The White Eugonia {En?wmos subsigjiaria, Hiibn.), one of the family of 

 measuring worms, occasionally appears in injurious numbers about the ist 

 of May. 



The Oblique-banded Leaf-roller of Caavcia rosaceaiia (Harris), spins 

 together the young leaves for its shelter. 



The Lesser Apple-leaf Folder [Teras minuta, Rob.) attacks the opening 

 foHage and folds the leaves for its retreat. 



The Leaf-crumpler [Mineola mdiginella^ Zeller), awakening from its 

 winter's sleep and drawing some of the unfolding leaves together, re- 

 sumes its feeding. 



The destructive Eye-spotted Bud-moth {Tmetocera ocellana, Schiff.), so 

 injurious in western New York, — after its larval hibernation in its half- 

 grown state, makes its formidable attack, first on the buds and afterward 

 on the leaves. 



The Apple Bud-worm {Eccopsis tnalana Fernald) creeps at night from 

 its retreat and after having consumed the terminal buds feeds upon 

 the leaves. 



♦Three hundred and fifty-six species are named in the present Report. 



