158 Forty-ninth Report on the State Museum 



leaf into a correspondent form, permits it to fall to the ground. There is 

 thus left an oval hole in the deserted mine. The imagoes appear during 

 the following May. (Clemens.) 



The Larva and its Mine. 



In larvae bred by Mr. Chambers he found " nine blackish spots behind 

 the cervical shield on the dorsal surface, and twelve on the ventral sur- 

 face." In its last stage, when taken from its cocoon, it was " depressed^ 

 fat, snowy-white with the mouth-parts tinged with ferruginous, but other- 

 wise immaculate. It had a single black ocellus about the middle of each 

 side of the head." The larva is completely apodal. There are probably 

 not more than two molts, as Mr. Chambers never met with more than 

 two exuviae in a mine. The mines are at first linear and finally end in a 

 blotch which frequently in their extension and enlargement, obliterates 

 more or less of the linear portion. 



The Pupating Case. 



The preparation for pupation has been well described by Dr. Clemens: 

 " The larva weaves an oval cocoon within the mine ; and when the upper 

 and lower membranes are well carpeted within 

 its limits, they are cut in an oval form, and 

 the cocoon permitted to fall to the ground." 

 The cutting of the case has been described by 

 Mr. Waters as follows : *' I had the good for- 

 tune to see the oval holes made by the insect. 

 The cut was made by a swinging of the head 

 Fig. lo.-Pupating cases of from side to side, depressed and then elevated' 



Antispila nvss.efoliei.la, 



enlarged. (Original.) then the couvex cdges of the cut were brought 



together; then the insect turned and in the same way cut the other side. 

 I did not see the final movements, as my attention was called away for a 

 few moments, and when I again looked the pieces were cut off and lay on 

 the bottom of the tumbler, in which a cluster of leaves were, and the 

 edges had been drawn together." Dr. Clemens found that the case was 

 open at both ends after it dropped to the ground and then the larva secured 

 it to surrounding objects by little cables of silk to prevent the rains of 

 autumn and spring from washing it away, and at maturity the pupa is 

 thrust from the delicate cocoon. According to Mr. Chambers it is 

 easier to recognize the species by the variation in the form of the cases 

 than by the markings of the imago. The oval cases are about 0.2 inch 

 in length by o.i inch in breadth, and of a quite uniform size and shape. 



