13 



to attack the bird. The incubation period of the eggs seems to vary 

 considerably ; in Menopon pallidum hatching probably occurs in 

 from 6 to 10 days after oviposition, while in Nitzschia jMlicaris from 

 13 to 20 days are required. The adult of M. pallidum has been kept 

 alive for 9 months. A list of species of Mallophaga infesting various 

 domestic fowls is given, including : — Menopon pallidum, Nitzsch 

 (common hen louse), M. biseriatum., Piaget (large hen louse), Li'peurus 

 variabilis, Nitzsch, L. heterographiis, Nitzsch, Goniocotes hologaster, 

 Nitzsch (lesser chicken louse), G. gigas, Tasch. (large chicken louse), 

 and Goniodes dissimilis, Nitzsch, on Gallus domesticus ; Lipeurus 

 jejunus, Nitzsch, L. anseris, Gurlt, Docophorus icterodes, Nitzsch, and 

 L. squalidus, Nitzsch, on the goose ; Goniodes stylifer, Nitzsch, and 

 L. polytrapezius, Nitzsch, on the turkey ; Goniodes yavonis, L. {falci- 

 coi-nis, Nitzsch), on the peacock ; Lipeurus baculus, Nitzsch, and 

 Goniocetes compar, Nitzsch, on the pigeon. Less common species are : 

 Trinoton luridum, Nitzsch, on the duck, T. conspurcatum, Nitzsch, 

 and T. lituratum, Nitzsch, on the goose, and Menopon phaeostomum, 

 Nitzsch, on peafowl. 



Dermanyssus gallinae, de Geer (the poultry mite), has been reported 

 from England, France, Italy, South Africa, Brazil, and all parts of the 

 United States. The incubation period of the eggs varies from 3 to 5 

 days. Several generations occur during the warm season. Cerato- 

 phyllus gallinae and Echidnophaga gallinacea (fowl fleas), Trombidium 

 sp. (harvest mite) and the tick, Haemaphysalis chordeilis, Pack., which 

 infests turkeys, are also recorded. The last-named species has been 

 recorded in Massachusetts and Vermont, where the death of turkeys 

 has occurred as the result of their attacks. The species may be the 

 same as the one which infests grouse in these districts. Methods 

 for controlling these parasites are described. [See this Revieiv, 

 Ser. B, iii, pp. 158 and 159.] 



HaciaB/ieHie flnn iicTpeOneHifl nnaiAHbixTj BLueii. [Instructions for 

 the destruction of clothes-lice.] — « MSBtCTifl BcepocciPiCKaro 

 Coioaa ropOAOB'b.» [Bulletins of the AU-Russian Union of 

 Towns], Moscow, no. 18, October 1915, pp. 58-60. 



These instructions, issued, by the Military Sanitary Board, recom- 

 mend the destruction of lice by the application of high temperature 

 to infested clothes, etc. As this is not always practicable on active 

 service in the field, resort must be had to chemical remedies, of which 

 the best is : a mixture of 65 parts of naphtha-soap with 35 parts of 

 technical cresol or, in the absence of this, with 10 per cent, of crude 

 carbolic acid in a 10 per cent, water solution (a 10 per cent, solution 

 of the naphtha and cresol soaps is obtained by dissolving 30 lb. of 

 them in 27 gallons of water). Lice in linen are destroyed by soaking 

 it in one of the above solutions and hanging it out to dry. Clothes are 

 brushed with a brush moistened in the above solutions, particularlv 

 along the seams and folds, and after the cloth has dried it may be 

 brushed again so as to remove the dead parasites. The application 

 of this solution is a safeguard against the parasites for some time. 



