23 



eggs were laid with equal readiness on horse-droppings with 

 or without urine, whether the latter were fresh or six days old and 

 fermenting. On fresh horse-dung it took place in the first 48 hours, 

 but never on stale dung as much as a week old, and it would appear that 

 the attraction lies in the constituents of freshly discharged dung. 

 In what may be called pure manure heaps, consisting only of excrement 

 and the urine with which the litter is saturated, the house-fly will 

 apparently not oviposit, but if some secondary element such as 

 wheat-bran be introduced, the heaps become suitable for oviposition. 

 A list is given of seven combinations of bran and various urines diluted 

 or otherwise with water, and in all these mixtures oviposition took 

 place. 



A mixture of horse and cow dung allows of the development of the 

 larvae in the latter, and if a heap of horse-manure be covered with 

 cow-dung, the flies at once begin to oviposit on the latter ; this never 

 occurs on bovine dung alone. Experiments have shown that by 

 raking off the top of a fermenting manure heap, and exposing the 

 hotter layers, if fresh stable-dung and litter not more than 24 hours 

 old be thrown into the hole and covered up with the rakings, the heat 

 is sufficient to kill all the eggs in the fresh dung ; the eggs cannot 

 support a temperature above 115° F. In placing the fresh manure on 

 the heap, care should be taken to rake it over so that as much as 

 possible of the fresh dung falls to the bottom of the hole, i.e., nearest 

 the heat ; if this be done late in the day, practically all the eggs laid 

 on that dung will be destroyed [see also this Review, Ser. A, iii, p. 197, 

 198]. 



Stanton (A. T.). Notes on Sumatran CuUcidae. — Ind. Jl. Med. 

 Research, Calcuita, iii, no. 2, October 1915, pp. 251-258. [Received 

 10th December 1915.] 



Nineteen species of AnojjJieles are known from the Malay Peninsula, 

 twelve of which also occur in Sumatra. One species only has so far 

 been found to be peculiar to Sumatra. 



The following Sumatran mosquitos are recorded •.—AnojpTieles v/ 

 aconitus, Don. ; A. alhotaeniatus, Theo. ; A. barbirostris. Van der Wulp ; A 

 A. fuliginosus, Giles ; A. kochi, Don. ; A. leucosphyrus, Don. ; 

 A. ludlowi, Theo. ; A. iiiaculatus, Theo. ; A. rossi var. indefinitus, 

 Ludlow ; A. schiiffneri, Stanton ; A. sinensis, Wied. ; A. tessellatiis, 

 Theo. ; A. umbrosus, Theo. ; Mncidus laniger, Wied. ; Armigeres 

 jugraensis, Leicester ; Stegomyia scutellaris, Walk. ; S. fasciata, F. ; 

 Finhya poicilia, Theo. ; Taeniorhynchus brevicellulus, Theo. ; 

 T. conopas, Frauenfeld ; Mansonioides anmdijjes, Walk. ; M. uniformis, 

 Theo. ; M. annuliferus, Theo. ; Cidex fatigans, Wied. ; C. bitaenio- 

 fJiynchus, Giles ; C. vishnui, Theo. ; C. tritaeniorhynchus, Giles ; 

 C halifaxii, Theo. ; Haryagomyia genurostris, Leicester ; Rachiono- 

 toonyia caeruleocephala, Leicester ; Chaoborus indicus, Giles, 



Christophers (Major S. R.). The Pilotaxy of AtiopJieles. — Ind. Jl. 

 Med. Research, Calcutta, iii, no. 2, October 1915, pp. 362-370, 

 1 plate. 



This paper deals more especially with the chaetae of Anopheles. 

 No attempt is made to correlate in a systematic way the hairs in 



