in the United States, as the chances of injury are thereby reduced. 

 In treating infested sheep, the wool should be trimmed so as to allow 

 the insecticide full access. The trimming should be begun round the 

 outside of the infested area so as not to drive the maggots back into 

 the clean wool. A Hymenopterous parasite, probably Nasonia 

 brevicornis, Ashm., has been found to breed freely in a number of 

 carrion-infesting flies, including P. regina, Lucilia sericata and L. caesar. 

 Other parasites have been reared, but this is the most important one. 

 [See also this Review, Ser. B, iii, pp. 159-162.] 



BucKLAND (J.). The Value of Birds to Man.— JL R Soc. Arts., 

 London, Ixiii, no. 3284, 29th October 1915, pp. 999-1000. 



The increase in numbers of Margaropus annulatus (Texas-fever 

 tick) in Jamaica during recent years is synchronous with the decrease 

 of insectivorous birds. In each of the 4 stages in the life-history of tliis 

 tick, it is exposed to the attack of birds. Examination of the stomach 

 contents of one bird showed the presence of 74 adult female ticks in 

 an engorged condition. The island of Jamaica is remarkably suitable 

 for the breeding of cattle, but experience has shown that all imported 

 animals succumb to tick-fever. It is therefore essential that, in some 

 way, the insectivorous birds should be encouraged to increase. 



LtJTJE {—). Durch Fliegen und ihre Larven verursachte Erkrankungen. 



[Diseases caused by Flies and their Larvae.] — Deulsch. Tierdrzt. 

 Wochenschr., Hamwver, xxiii, no. 46, 13th November 1915, 

 pp. 395-397, 7 figs. 



In the summer of 1915 the plague of flies of various sorts in the 

 western theatre of operations was more serious than in the previous 

 year and the treatment of flesh wounds was complicated by their 

 presence. Myiasis in horses and cattle was also prevalent. An almost 

 epidemic disease of the external genitals made its appearance among 

 cows. A number of the larvae concerned were bred and proved to be 

 those of Wohlfartia (Sarcophaga) magnifica. A similar disorder, having 

 probably the same cause, has been found in ewes. 



Cotton (E. C). The North American Fever Tick {Boophilns annulatus, 

 Say.) — Tennessee Univ. Agric. Expt. Sta., Knoxville, Bull. no. 113, 

 March 1915, pp. 33-77, 15 figs., 13 tables. [Received 29th 

 September 1915.] 



The original Federal quarantine line was established along the 

 northern boundary of the region permanently infected with Texas 

 fever. In the eastern part of America this line followed closely the 

 isotherm of 59° F. In the more arid regions of the south-west it bent 

 sharply southward along the line of 60 per cent, humidity. Sporadic 

 outbreaks of fever occurred north of this line at irregular intervals, 

 always following the introduction of southern cattle. The parasitic 

 stages of Margaropus {Boophilus) annulatus are little affected by change 

 of air temperature. They require 7 to 9 days for larval engorgement, 

 5 to 10 days for nymphal engorgement and 4 to 14 days for the adult. 



