i8 



wart-hogs. Nagana was common among domestic animals, and 

 trypanosomes were found in pigs which had passed through the 

 fly belt between Tabora and Kilimatinde. Spontaneous cures were 

 not uncommon in the case of native donkeys and cattle. These were 

 also noticed in Muscat donkeys and in mules. A bibliography of 

 eight works concludes this paper. 



Da Costa (B. F. B.), Sant'Anna (J. F.), Dos Santos (A. C.) and 

 Alvares (M. G. de A.) Sleeping Sickness : A record of four 

 years' war against it in Principe, Portuguese West Africa.— 

 Published for the Centra Colonial, Lisbon, by Bailliere, Tindall and 

 Cox, London, 1916, xii + 260 pp., 75 plates, 3 maps. 



The first part of this report deals with the introduction of sleeping 

 sickness into Principe during the early part of last century and 

 the gradual spread of the disease in that island, the geography and 

 natural conditions of which are described at some length. The tropical 

 forests which originally covered the greater part of the island have 

 been cleared to a large extent and have become replaced by bush and 

 herbaceous vegetation. The savannah t}^e is unknown. The principal 

 indigenous mammals met with are Cercopithecus mona, Viverra civeta 

 (civet-cat), field-rats, mice, and frugivorous and insectivorous bats. 



Before measures were undertaken on a large scale, Glossina jmlpalis 

 was present throughout the island with the exception of the southern 

 part. This distribution is correlated with that of wild pigs, on which 

 the flies feed. The plan of campaign against sleeping sickness in the 

 island is described, an account of the measures adopted having already 

 been published [see this Review, Ser. B, ii, pp. 13-16 and 121-124]. 

 These have been completely successful, and in 1914 it was announced 

 that G. 2^cd2)alis had disappeared from the island. This being the case, 

 it is recommended that the Medical Mission be dissolved in a few 

 months, the duties of sanitary supervision being transferred to two 

 doctors, while the health ofiicer retains thirty permanent employes 

 and one European overseer. 



A bill drafted by the Mission contains the following recommenda- 

 tions :■ — (1) Natives frcm infected regions not to be admitted into the 

 island ; patients suffering from the disease not to be allowed to leave 

 the island without special permission ; compulsory internment of 

 existing cases of sleeping sickness in the State isolation hospital ; 

 permanent medical supervision for all the inhabitants of the island ; 

 obligatory notification of all future cases of human trypanosomiasis. 

 (2) Prohibition of the importation of animals from regions infested by 

 tsetse-flies except for immediate slaughter ; prohibition of rearing of 

 domestic animals, except in the southern part of the island ; total 

 prohibition of pig-breeding ; restriction of the canine population of 

 the island. (3) Compulsory annual cleaning by the owners of all lands 

 not under cultivation ; periodical improvement of the beds of streams 

 and swamps ; prevention of growth of thick forest under 600 feet 

 above sea-level ; compulsory notification of the reappearance of 

 Glossina in any part. 



The blood-sucking insects of the island, other than G. palpalis, 

 found in 1913-14, included: — Tabanidae : Tahanus comjoiensis, 



