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MiTTER (J. L.). The Life-History of Haematohia sanguisugens, Austen. 

 — Ind. Jl. Med. Research, Calcutta, iii, no. 3, January 1916, 

 pp. 530-537, 1 plate. [Received 20th March 1916.] 



The following observations on the life-history of Haematohia sangui- 

 sugens, Aust., an Indian blood-sucking Muscid, were made at Kasauli. 

 Under natural conditions, eggs are deposited in fresh cattle-dung. 

 Gravid females, when introduced into breeding jars, deposited eggs 

 in fresh cow-dung in from 10 minutes to a few hours, from 2 to 12 eggs 

 being placed in one spot. At a temperature of about 75° F. larvae 

 hatched out in from 12 to 15 hours, and at 68° F. in from 20 to 24 hours. 

 Feeding began immediately after hatching and the larvae were reared 

 successfully when the dung was kept moist and free from moulds. 

 The length of the larval stage was six or seven days at 75° F. and 

 eight or nine days at 68° F. The pupal period lasted from five to six 

 days or from seven to eight days at the same temperatures. The adults 

 began to feed in five or six days after hatching. Both sexes are blood- 

 sucking and feed at all hours during the day. They have been found 

 attached to the neck, shoulders, and abdomen of cattle, and resting 

 on weeds, shrubs, etc., near cattle sheds, or in fields where cattle were 

 grazing. They were not found on animals in the city or inside cattle 

 sheds, stables, or human dwellings, even when surrounded by shrubs 

 and grasses. Horses, mules, and man were also attacked. At Kasauli, 

 adults are present from April to November. Breeding occurs from 

 June to October, and is at its height in August and September. There 

 is a marked preponderance of females. 



MiTTER (J. L.). Tlie Life-History of Bdellolanjnx sanguinolentus, 

 Austen. — Ind. Jl. Med. Research, Calcutta, iii, no. 3, January 1916, 

 pp. 538-540. [Received 20th March 1916.] 



The breeding habits of Bdellolarynx sanguinolentus, Aust., resemble 

 those of Haematohia sanguisugens. The eggs, from 25 to 35 in number, 

 are laid singly on the surface of fresh cattle dung. The larvae hatch 

 out in 11 or 12 hours at a temperature of 71° F. ; the maximum size 

 is reached on the fourth day, and pupation occurs on the eighth day. 

 The pupal period lasts seven days, at a temperature of from 68° to 

 70° F. 



LisTON (Major W. G.). Report of the Bombay Bacteriological 

 Laboratory for the year i9U.—Bo7nhay : Govt. Central Press, 1916, 

 14 pp. 



A number of experiments were carried out to determine the best 

 method of performing inoculation with anti-plague vaccine. The use 

 of two small doses instead of one large dose conferred greater immunity. 

 Observations on man showed that an initial dose of 1 or 2 cc, followed 

 by double the first dose a week later, could be satisfactorily used. 

 Further experiments with hydrocyanic acid gas for killing rats were 

 carried out. The three species of Xenopsylla found on rats in Bombay, 

 occur in the following proportions : — X. cheopis, 80'6 per cent. ; 

 X. astia, 18'5 per cent. ; and X. hrasiliensis, 0'84 per cent. 



