110 



would render them little apt to recognise secondary attacks unless they 

 were well marked, which would rarely be the case. Between 1888 and 

 1898 more than 30,000 persons certified as protected from yellow fever 

 by previous attack or by 10 years residence in an infected focus entered 

 the towns of Key West and Tampa in Florida from Havana. These 

 towns were full of Stegomyia fasciata {Aedes calopus) and persons 

 susceptible to yellow fever, while fever prevailed in Havana during 

 this time. As no yellow fever developed in Florida, there should have 

 been no considerable number of secondary attacks which could infect 

 S. fasciata among these people. That yellow fever could be readily 

 contracted from Havana by those susceptible to it, is shown by the 

 fact that during this time 450 persons from Havana, not certified as. 

 immune, yielded 13 cases of yellow fever at a quarantine station. 

 This is evidence that yellow fever carriers are not so common as is- 

 frequently supposed, as is also the fact that the quarantine stations, 

 of the United States have for many years passed in a large number of 

 people from yellow fever ports with no evidence of their having inf ected 

 S. fasciata in the United States. 



Cleland (J. B.). The Stomach Contents of Australian Birds. — Agric 

 Gaz. N.S.W., Sydney, xxvii, no. 4, April 1916, pp. 263-269. 



An examination of the stomach contents of 1,150 individuals,, 

 comprising 224 species of birds living in a wild state in Australia, has- 

 been made. The full data will be published as a Science Bulletin, 

 but in the present paper detailed summaries and verdicts on individual 

 birds or gi'oups of birds are given together with a broad summary of 

 results, especially from the point of view of the blow-fly pest in sheep.. 



Sparrows and starlings, though useful to a slight extent, do much 

 more harm than good. There is not the slightest prospect of their 

 ever being ehminated from Australia and instead of being fostered, 

 most energetic means should be adopted to ensure their destruction, 

 where necessary. Crows, whilst doing marked harm at times, un- 

 doubtedly are on other occasions of decided value. By destroying 

 dead carcases this bird tends to prevent the multiplication of blowflies. 

 Before any sheep-owner decides to destroy it in his neighbourhood, 

 he should calculate carefully whether its value in his particular instance^ 

 is not greater than the losses caused by it. Of the large number of 

 other birds examined, with the exception of one or two notorious- 

 exceptions, the vast majority serve a more or less definite useful 

 purpose in maintaining the balance of nature as regards the various, 

 species of insects and should therefore be encouraged. Only a few 

 have however been found to feed on blow-flies. 



JojoT (C). Note sur la lutte centre la maladie du sommeil au 

 Cameroun 1913-1914. [Note on the struggle again.st sleeping, 

 sickness in Kamerun in 1913-1914.]— 5m^L Soc. Path. Exot., 

 Paris, ix no. 5, 1916, 10th May 1916, pp. 303-305. 



Between 1907 and 1910 important measures against sleeping sickness. 

 were carried out in Kamerun. The disease existed in a sporadic 

 state in that part of the colony situated to the north-east of the Sanaga 

 and the western Logone rivers and two dangerous foci were present to- 



