116 



across clearings from which natural breeding places had been removed 

 might be prevented by means of a wire fence. G. jxilpalis is known 

 to have been spread by the railway in south Nigeria, and therefore this 

 method of control may be required when the projected railway from 

 Blantyi'e is carried north through the fly area. Another method of 

 control which might be effective would be the destruction of large trees- 

 in the fly area. These however are few, and could more suitably be 

 used in providing artificial breeding places. 



Though a number of Mutillids w^ere obtained from sandy soil, 

 M. glossinae was not amongst them. Three female M. glossinae, 

 emerging from G. morsitans pupae on 5th, 11th and 19th October, 

 were paired with a male on the day of emergence, o^'iposited in 

 G. morsitans pupae and adults emerged between 7th and 11th, 8th and 

 20th, and 19th and 24th December respectively. The Bombyhid, 

 TJiyridanthrax abrwptus, Lw., proved to be a primary parasite of 

 G. morsitans pupae. Eggs deposited in pupae between 7th and 4th 

 November emerged as adults between 20th and 24th December. 

 Some of the adults fed freely and lived for a week. 



MacGregor (M. E.). Resistance of the Eggs of Stegomyia fasciata 

 6 {Aedes caJopus) to Conditions adverse to Development. — BulL 



Entom. Research, London, vii, no. 1, May 1916, pp. 81-85, 3 figs. 



Several generations of Stegomyia fasciata were reared from eggs 

 obtained in April 1915 from West Africa. These had been in a dried 

 condition for at least 3| months. [See this Review, Ser. B, iii, p. 187.] 

 Under the breeding methods adopted, it was found that the eggs of 

 succeeding generations were very Hable to destruction by desiccation 

 and therefore differed in some way from those originally received. 

 The two alternatives suggested were : — (1) that the eggs when laid 

 were protected by some substance in the shell which was soluble in or 

 destroyed by water and that only eggs laid out of water were able to 

 resist desiccation ; (2) that the egg must remain in water for some 

 time and the embryo be partly developed before the shell was rendered 

 resistant. Eggs deposited on slightly moist leaves collapsed in a very 

 short time and thus negatived the first supposition. Those allowed 

 to remain in water for 60 hours or more, showed no alteration when 

 removed for 12 hours. Prolonsfed contact with water is therefore 

 necessary to promote resistance to desiccation. Embryos of freshly 

 laid eggs are easily killed by drying, while experiment showed that 

 eggs removed from water 3| days after oviposition were able to hatch 

 after exposure for one hour to the condensed beam of an electric arc 

 hght. 



Turner (R. E.). On Mutillidae parasitic on Glossina morsitans. — Bidl. 

 Entom. Research, London, vii, no. 1, May 1916, pp. 93-95, 2 figs. 



Descriptions are given of Mutilla glossinae. Turner, and M. bene- 

 factrix, sp. n., reared from pupae of Glossina inorsitans collected at 

 Monkey Bay, Nyasaland. 



