123 



^ TowNSEND (C. H. T.). Identification of the Stages in the Asexual Cycle 



^ of Bartonella bacilliformis, the Pathogenic Organism of Verruga, 



and their Bearing on the Etiology and Unity of Disease. — Jl. 



Washington Acad. Sci., Washington, B.C., no. 21, 19tli December 

 1915, pp. 662-667. [Reprint received 14th June 1916.] 



Phlebotomus vernicarum, Towns., has been proved conclusively to be 

 a carrier of the Peruvian disease known as verruga. The specific 

 organism of the disease, Bartonella bacilliformis, is a Protozoan, which 

 passes through the asexual phases of multiplication in the endothelial 

 cells o4 the capillaries of the subcutaneous tissues. Erythrocytes 

 become infected during their passage through the capillaries when 

 they come into contact with an infected endothelial cell. The eruption, 

 which is characterised by the rapid proUferation of the endotheUal 

 cells, is the direct result of the asexual reproduction of B. bacilliformis 

 in the subcutaneous tissues. 



f\ 



Chidester (F. E.) & Patterson (R.). The Influence of Various 

 Concentrations of Sea Water on the Viability of the Salt Marsh 

 Mosquitos, Aedes sollicitans and Aedes cantator (Dip.) — Entom. 

 News, Philadelphia, xxvii, no. 6, June 1916, pp. 272-274. 



The degree of salinity of the pools of the salt marshes on the New 

 Jersey coast is about seven or eight per cent., but may be subject to 

 greater fluctuations. Two series of experiments were carried out to 

 determine the effect of marked changes in salinity on the larvae of 

 Ochlerotatus (Aedes) sollicitans and 0. (A.) cantator. In the first series, 

 larvae were transferred from pools to water varying from a 13 per cent, 

 salinity to distilled water. Death soon occurred in the more concen- 

 trated solutions and in distilled water. In the second series, larvae 

 were placed in solutions varying from 16 to 35 per cent, salinity ; 

 none were able to survive in the 22 per cent, or higher concentration for 

 more than two days. Further examination of pools showed that in 

 one case many larvae of 0. sollicitans were living in water with a 22 per 

 cent, salinity, at a temperature of 64° F., while none were present in a 

 pool a short distance away, where the salinity was 24 per cent, and the 

 temperature 67° F. Other records showed that 0. sollicitans were able 

 to withstand a higher degree of salinity than 0. cantator. The distri- 

 bution of various species of mosquitos over the salt marshes appears 

 to be dependent to a certain extent on the amount of salt present in 

 the water ; this factor may also influence the development of the eggs. 



Sturgess (G. W.). Report of the Government Veterinary Surgeon for 

 1915. — Ceylon Administration Report, 1915, Colombo, Part 4, 

 9th April 1916, 8 pp. [Received 26th June 1916.] 



During October cattle in the Matale District were troubled by biting 

 flies, which were identified as Haematop)ota singalensis. Sarcoptic y 

 mange occurred among goats in the Mannar District and resulted in A 

 the death of the animals in some cases. Treatment consisted of 

 dipping the animals in izal solution (1 oz. to 1 gal. water), followed 

 by the application of a mixture of kerosene, sulphur, and coconut 

 oil if necessary. 



