135 



measures adopted against mosquitos. Mosquito control is divided 

 into winter and summer work, the former chiefly directed against 

 the adult forms, while the latter aims at the destruction of the larvae. 

 A short section deals with personal protection against the bites of 

 mosquitos. 



CoKLETTE (C. E.). The destruction of lice, bugs, and other insect 

 pests, by hydrocyanic acid fumigation. — Med. Jl. Australia, 

 Sydney, i. (3rd year), no. 19, 6th May 1916, p. 391. 



The author advises the use of hydrocyanic acid gas against lice, 

 bugs and other insects. This method is adopted on the Australian 

 coasting steamers and in the sleeping carriages on the Australian 

 railways. Besides potassium cyanide, potassium ferrocyanide may 

 be used. In this process 1 pint of water, 12 oz. of strong sulphuric 

 acid and 1 lb. of coarsely powdered potassium ferrocyanide are required 

 for each thousand cubic feet of space. 



Australia and Yellow Fever. — Commonwealth of Australia Quarantine 

 Service Publication no. 6, Melbourne, 95 pp., 4 maps, 13 figs. 



The opening of the Panama Canal has directed attention to the 

 question of the possibility of the introduction of yellow fever into 

 Australia and this publication contains information on this subject. 

 Sections 3 and 4, which deal with entomology, are mainly concerned 

 with the distribution of Stegomyia fasciata in Australia and New 

 Guinea, by F. H. Taylor. Section 3 contains the results of the survey 

 of the chief coastal towns of Queensland in 1914 [see this Review, 

 Ser. B, iii, p. 30] while section 4 is necessarily incomplete, as no 

 organised mosquito survey of AustraUa and New Guinea has yet 

 been attempted, and only a few disconnected observations are recorded. 



Beyer (H. G.). On the etiology of typhus fever and louse extermina- 

 tion, from the view point of the sanitarian. — Military Surgeon, 

 Washington, B.C., xxxviii, no. 5. May 1916, pp. 483-491, 4 plates. 



This paper is a condensed summary of present knowledge relative 

 to the function of lice in epidemics of typhus-fever and the methods 

 employed for their destruction during the present war. In experi- 

 ments made by Pregl of Graz, when clothes sprinkled with a 25 per cent, 

 solution of ammonia were locked up in a covered box, both lice and 

 eggs were killed in one hour. Wet clothes cannot be as efficiently 

 treated as dry ones. At the prison-camp at Puchheim, Lenz used 

 naphthaline powder for kilhng eggs and lice remaining after clothes 

 and their wearers had been disinfected. Every person, at bed-time, 

 had a handful of finely powdered naphthaline put into his clothes, 

 introduced through the opening at the neck. By sleeping with the 

 clothes on, the body heat caused the naphthaline to evaporate, the 

 vapours killing not only the remaining lice, but also most of the eggs. 

 If this is done three times, a thorough and complete disinfection is 

 said to be assured. 



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