142 



sylvaticus and Mus musculus ; H. horridus, Mich., on A. liebridensis 

 and in nests of A. sylvaticus ; H. hirsufus, Berlese, on T. euro]Mea and 

 E. norvegicus ; H. oudcmansi, Hirst, on the brown rat ; Dermanyssus 

 gallinae, Redi, on fowls, Bubo maximus (eagle owl), Gecinus vaillantii, 

 and in nests of Hinmdo rustica, Columba livia, Passer domesticus, etc. ; 

 D. muris, Hirst, on Epimys raff us ; Myonyssns decumani, Tir., on 

 Mus musculus ; M. gigas, Oiidms., on Talpa europaea, and A. sylva- 

 ticus ; Laelaps agilis, Koch, on Arvicola ampJdbius, A. terrestris and 

 T. europaea ; L. jMchypus, Koch, on A. ampkibius and Microtus 

 orcadensis ; L hilaris, Koch, on M. orcadensis, Mus musculus, etc. ; 

 L.festinus, Koch, on M. jnusculus, Apodemus sylvaticus, A. hebridensisy 

 and Evotomys glareolus ; L. echidnmus, Berl., on Epimys norvegicus ; 

 Ptilonyssus nudus, Berl. and Trouess., on the common sparrow. 



IxoDiDAE : Ixodes vespertilionis, Koch, on Rhinolophus ferrum- 

 equinum ; /. sp., near vespertilionis ; /. jmtus, Cambr., on Ful- 

 marus glacialis, Fratercula arctica and Nunienius arquata ; 

 /. unicavaius,!^!!!., on Phalacrocorax graculus; I. caledonicus, Xutt.,. 

 on F. glacialis, Corvus corax and C. comix; I. percavatus, Nm., var. 

 rothscJiildi, N. and W., on puffin ; /. ricinus, L., on Tardus iliacus, 

 sheep, dog, roe-deer, and man ; /. hexagonus, Leach, on Mustela 

 erminea, M. nivalis and dog ; Dermacentor reticulatus, F., on man. 



Two new African Gamasids are described, viz : — Haemogamasus 

 liberiensis, on Mus trivirgatus from Liberia, and Haemolaelaps capensis, 

 on Georychus hottentotus from Cape Colony. 



Balfour (A.). Fly-Trap for Camps, Hospital Precincts, and Trench 

 Areas.— J^. R.A.M.C., London, xxvii, no. 1, July 1916^ 

 pp. 61-72, 9 figs. 

 The conditions in Egypt and similar countries render it almost 

 impossible to destroy flies in their breeding places ; hence methods, 

 have been devised for the capture of adults of Musca domestica, Fannia 

 canicularis and species of Calliphora, Lucilia and Sarcophaga, which 

 are everywhere abundant. Three traps which are essentially similar 

 in construction, but differ in size, are described. The largest consists, 

 mainly of wood, the lower parts of the sides being of wire gauze, sa 

 arranged as to provide an entrance for the flies, but at the same time 

 preventing their exit. Shutters, which can be raised over the wire 

 gauze during fumigation, serve, when lowered, as an alighting place 

 for the flies. A glass roof has the effect of warming the trap in early 

 morning, thus rendering it more attractive. A second smaller and 

 more portable form, which is cheaper and recommended for use in 

 camps, consists of wood, canvas, glass and wire gauze. A still smaller 

 type, made of caHco and wire gauze supported on a wooden framework^ 

 is described. The baits used included jam, milk, sugar, a paste made 

 of lentils, chicken entrails, raw meat, fish refuse, etc. Human 

 excrement, when used, was protected from the flies by meshing. Fumi- 

 gation was carried out by means of heated Keating's powder, cresol, or 

 a mixture of phenol and camphor. The ground over which the trap 

 is placed shcjuld be examined for ova and larvae ; if these are present, 

 it should be drenched with crude oil, or 5 per cent, cresol solution. 

 The second form of trap has been found to catch 10,000 flies in 24 hours. 

 A more extensive use of one or other type of trap is recommended, both 

 in Egypt and France. 



