164 



The value ef petroleum, soft soap, flake naphthaline and sea water 

 in destropng eggs, larvae and pupae of S.fasciata was tested. Petroleum 

 (1 in 600) killed the majority of larvae and pupae in one hour, but had 

 no effect on the eggs, nor were the larvae hatching from the eggs 

 affected. Soft soap (1 in 600) killed larvae, pupae, and young larvae 

 hatching from the eggs. The eggs themselves developed normally 

 when submerged for 20 hours, but were affected by submergence for 

 eight days. At the rate of 1 in 8,000 soft soap was almost useless, 

 while petroleum (1 in 4,000) was an efficient larvicide when allowed 

 to act for 48 hours. Naphthahne (1 in 8,000) was fatal to larvae ; 

 it was not effective against pupae, but killed all adults emerging during 

 the first day of exposure and 50 per cent, of those emerging during the 

 second. At the rate of 1 in 4,000, larvae, pupae and adults emerging 

 fi'om pupae were destroyed when the receptacle was protected by a 

 cheese cloth cover. In an emulsified form the above substances were 

 more effective and cheaper than when used singly. All larvae and 

 pupae were killed by an emulsion of petroleum and soft soap at the 

 rate of 1 in 16,000, or by petroleum, soft soap, and naphthaline 

 at the rate of 1 in 20,000. Larvae within the eggs were not 

 affected by the former emulsion at a strength of 1 in 8,000, but the 

 same liquid induced the less resistant eggs to hatch at once and con- 

 sequently the emerging larvae were killed. Sea water had the effect of 

 hastening the hatching of eggs, but none of the larvae which emerged 

 lived for more than one hour. Pupae were able to complete their 

 development after 16 hours exposure to salt water. Resistant eggs. 

 hatched* to the extent of 36 per cent, after 20 hours' immersion in sea, 

 water, while among similar eggs in tap water only 2 per cent, hatched 

 in the same period. Of those remaining in the salt water, a further 

 43 per cent, hatched on removal to tap water after 44 hours' immersion. 

 It is suggested that in coast towns salt water might be used for flushing 

 gutters, sewers, etc., after clearing ; it should be apphed freely at the 

 close of the rains. 



This paper concludes with a description of the methods and apparatus 

 used for carrying out the above experiments. 



Velu ( — ). Note sur une lesion de myase intestinale chez le chevaL 

 [Note on a lesion resulting from intestinal myiasis in the horse.]— 

 Recueil Med. Vet.Alfort, xcii, no. 13, 15th July 1916, pp 408-410, 

 2 figs. 



The long drought of 1913 in Morocco greatly favoured the attack of 

 parasites in many domestic animals. The number of Oestrids greatly 

 increased and in nearly every horse examined post-mortem over a. 

 1,000 larvae were usually found. Ordinarily, even when present in 

 large numbers, these larvae produced no apparent ill effect on their 

 host ; the inflammation produced is usually very hmited and this, 

 causes a thickening of the bottom of the cavity in which the larva is. 

 buried, which tends to prevent perforation and the consequent peritoneal 

 injury that may end in death. Three species, Gasirophilus equi, 

 G. nasalis (veterinus) and G. haemorrhoidalis, were present, but the 

 lesions which resulted in death were caused entirely by G. nasalis. 



