175 



dissection failed to show the presence of flagellates in them. It is thus 

 provisionally concluded that the bed-bug is incapable of transmitting 

 either L. tropica or L. donovani by biting or through the medium of its 

 faeces. 



Reference is made to the value of the artificial method of feeding 

 bugs, fleas, mosquitos, etc., for obtaining a heavy infection by the 

 parasites under investigation. 



Creel (R. H.). Fumigation by cyanide gas. — Milit. Surgeon, 

 Washington, D.C., xxxix, no. 3, September 1916, pp. 282-287. 



The main points in this article may be found in a preceding paper 

 [see this Review, Ser. B, iv, p. 155]. It is specially noted that mosquitos 

 are very susceptible to cyanide gas, while lice are very resistant to it. 



MiTZMAiN (M. B.). Anopheles infectivity experiments. — Public Health 

 Reps., Washington, D.C, xxxi, no. 35, 1st September 1916, 

 pp. 2325-2335, 3 figs. 



In 17 experiments in which human beings were employed to test the 

 infectibility of Anopheles punctipennis with Plasmodium vivax, 14 cases 

 of malarial fever resulted. The sporozoites in the mosquitos used 

 developed in from 10 to 22 days after the definite hosts were given an 

 opportunity to bite a patient harbouring a scanty number of mature 

 tertian gametocytes. In an attempt to infect several persons with a 

 single specimen of A. 'punctipennis, one mosquito proved to be the sole 

 infective agent in one experiment and another proved to be the sole 

 agent in three experiments. When appUed to the same person, these 

 two individuals transmitted the infection in five cases, while one of 

 them used with a third mosquito succeeded in infecting four persons. 

 In nine instances in which two mosquitos succeeded in transmitting 

 malaria, at least one of the pair was proved to be capable of causing 

 the disease w^hen used singly. In 11 experiments short exposure to the 

 bites was sufficient to cause successful transmission of the disease. 

 In all the successful inoculations only tertian infection was produced. 

 The existence of P. vivax was demonstrated microscopically. 



Knab (F.). a New Mosquito from the Eastern United States.— 

 Proc. Biol. Soc. Washington, Washington, xxix, 6th September 1916, 

 pp. 161-164. 



Culex brehmei, sp. n., found in New Jersey, is described. Eggs, 

 larvae, and pupae were obtained from a spring in the woods, the tem- 

 perature of the water being 38° F. The first pupae were collected on 

 25th April ; the first male emerged on 29th April, and the first female 

 on the following day. The first eggs of the next generation were taken 

 on 2nd May, and larvae began to emerge on the next day. The first 

 pupae of the same generation were found on 15th May, and adults 

 began to emerge on 17th May. Breeding apparently is continuous 

 throughout the season. Females were found to feed readily on 

 human blood. 



