20 



Kennedy (J. C). Observations on the Formation of "Buds" by 

 the Spirochaete of Relapsing Fever in the Louse.— JZ. R.A.M.C.^ 



London, xxxiii, no. 5, November 1919, pp. 407-411, 28 figs. 



The knowledge of the life-history of Spirochaeta recurrentis m. the 

 louse is incomplete, as nothing is known of the stage of invisibiUty 

 during the first four days after infection or the transmission of the 

 virus to the offspring. The present observations were made on two 

 lice that were dissected twenty-four and thirty hours, respectively, 

 after being removed from a case of relapsing fever which had been, 

 ill for about 3 days. From the size and number of spirochaetes 

 present the hce must have been infected about 10 days previously. 

 No spirochaetes were found in the gut, but large numbers were present 

 in the coelomic fluid and round the posterior end of the gut. Further 

 careful examination revealed " buds " which are doubtless of spiro- 

 chaetal origin and were found on any part of the spirochaete, as well 

 as apparently detached from it ; one was found in a preparation made 

 from the ovum, but this may have been accidental. Large numbers 

 of refractile granules were found in the coelomic fluid, in the tissues 

 round the gut, and in the ovaries and ova, but their origin is uncertain. 



CoRFiELD (W. F.). Some Experiments upon the Control of Fly- 

 breeding Areas in Camps. — Jl. R.A.M.C., London, xxxiii, no. 5, 

 November 1919, pp. 415-418. 



The present experiments were carried out with a view to testing 

 the different fly deterrents and to ascertain the most successful method 

 of seahng latrine or refuse pits. The observations here described 

 show that if hessian or similar material is used it must stretch more 

 than 6 inches beyond the original pit to be effective, but further 

 experiments are necessary to ascertain the exact distance. Mud, 

 about 6 inches thick and allowed to dry in layers is just as effective 

 provided it extends well beyond the pit's margin. Deterrents are 

 useless, as they only tend to drive the larvae to the sides and edges 

 of the pit from whence the emerging fly can escape. 



BouRCART (J.) & Laygier (H.). Caractcfe saisonnier de I'lct^re 

 6pid6mique en Mac6doine.— C.K. Soc. Biol., Paris, Ixxxii, no. 28, 

 15th November 1919, pp. 1170-1171, 1 fig. 



Observations made in Macedonia and Albania during 1917-1918 

 among French and alUed troops on the seasonal occurrence of epidemic 

 jaundice show that the first cases are usually reported towards the 

 end of the summer and that the epidemic reaches its maximum 

 during the autumn months and dies down during the winter. The 

 number of cases recorded for each month is given in a chart. 



Franca (C). Notes de Zoologie Medicale, Observations sur le Genre 



Phlehoiomvs. -Broleria, Braga, Ser. Zoo!., xvii, no. 1-2, October 

 1919, pp. 102-160, 38 figs. 



The first part of this paper describes the anatomy of the 

 following species : Phlebotomus minnlns, Rond., P. papatasii, Scop., 

 P. pemiciosus, Newst., P. sergenii. Parr., P. walker i, Newst., and 



