31 



James & List.), A. turhhudi, List., A. swilemis, James & List., 

 Culex mimeticus, Noe ; Tabanids, Tabanus orientis, Wlk., T. excelsus, 

 Ric, Therioplectes subcaUosus, Ric, T. hirtus, Wlk. ; Muscids, Stomoxys 

 calcitrans, L., BdeJlolarynx sanguinolentus, Aust., Haematobia sangui- 

 sugens, Aust., and Stygeromyia macidosa, Aust. 



Prashad (B.). The Description and Life-history of a New Species 

 of Anopheles that breeds in Holes in Trees. — Records Indian 

 Museum, Calcutta, xv, no. 3, August 1918,, pp. 123-127, 1 plate. 

 [Received 3rd December 1919.] 



Anopheles annandalei, sp. n., is described from a single male bred 

 from larvae collected from a tree-hole at an altitude of about 5,000 

 feet in the Darjeeling district, Eastern Himalayas, in October 1917. 

 The tree was in dense jungle close to a water supply which was 

 brownish in colour and contained dead leaves and some Culicine larvae. 

 The only other Indian Anophelines that have been described as 

 breeding in tree-holes are A. plumbeus, Hal., and A. culiciformis, 

 Cogil. 



DE Castro (R.) La Erradicaci6n de las Garrapatas. [Tick Eradica- 

 tion.] — Estacion Expl. Agron., Santiago de las Vegas, Cuba, 

 Circ. 57, 1919, 31 pp., 12 figs. [Received 3rd December 1919.] 



The eradication of the tick, Boophilus (Margaropus) annulatus, 

 the transmitter of bovine piroplasmosis, is of vital importance to 

 the cattle industry of Cuba. The most that is done in this respect 

 in the usual Cuban cattle-breeding establishments is to dip badly- 

 infested animals in a solution of spirits or alcohol and sabadilla, or 

 to use some other treatment, without any attempt to guard against 

 re-infestation. The life-history and habits of the tick are described. 

 There are two methods of eradication, which are most successful 

 when applied simultaneously. These include the regular dipping of 

 cattle in an insecticide solution in one of the w^ell-known types of 

 dipping tanks such as are used in North America and described 

 and illustrated in this paper, or hand treatment with a spray pump 

 apparatus. A favourite spray in Cuba consists of 1 lb. sabadilla 

 to 1 gal. alcohol or spirits ; formulae are also given for arsenical 

 dipping solutions. 



Simultaneously with this treatment is the elirnination of ticks 

 from the pasture-grounds, which is frequently done by burning the 

 pasture in the dry season. This is only possible when the pasture 

 is low-growing and there is not much vegetation ; in Guinea and 

 Parana many ticks escape the action of the fire, protected by the 

 moisture in the earth and by the chaff that is always lying about 

 the pasture-grounds. The most efficacious and ultimately the cheapest 

 method is considered to be rotation of grazing on the pasture-lands, 

 the cattle being pastured successively on tick-free sections of the area. 

 A belt of land about two yards wide should be ploughed all round 

 the tick-free sections to avoid infestation from animals stretching 

 over and dropping ticks on to the neighbouring section. The method 

 of dividing the area into sections and the times of movements of cattle 

 from one to another is explained. 



