iU 



Kirk (H.). Treatment of Mange and Lice. — Vet. Jl, London, Ixxvi 

 no. 4, April 1920, pp. 122-126. 



The author considers that the calcium sulphide dip, which was 

 largely used in France for mange, is effective, but is too slow in action 

 to be really economical, although it is inexpensive compared with 

 oily dressings. Experiments that were carried out with a certain 

 proprietary arsenical dip are recorded and gave disappointing results. 

 A di-essing that the author has found very effective is made of horse 

 fat to which has been added sodium bicarbonate boiled in water 

 for two hours. It is then skimmed off and the process repeated in 

 fresh water. After again skimming off, 1 part of subhmed sulphur 

 is added to 6 parts of fat and about 2 oz. boric acid per 5 gals, is 

 added as a preservative. Any fat or oil that is appUed rancid or 

 impure, or becomes rancid while on the animal, will cause bhstering 

 of the skin. This dressing is apphed at blood heat with a cloth from 

 the tips of the ears to the coronets and then scrubbed in with a dandy 

 brush. On the following day the horse should be thoroughly hand- 

 rubbed, and on the third day should be washed and scrubbed with 

 hot water and soap. If one dressing does not effect a cure a second 

 and perhaps a third may be given, though this is seldom necessary. 

 The dressing should not be left on too long, nor should the animal be 

 exposed to the sun dm*ing the process. This dressing is also toxic to 

 lice and has a decided effect on the nits, more so than an arsenical dip. 



Fumigation with SO., is advocated in the French Army as a reUable 

 method against lice, but the author has had disappointing results 

 with it. In his opinion the best treatments for Uce, in the order 

 named, are horse fat and sulphur dressing, singeing, followed by 

 washing with Jeyes' fluid, and sponging with a 33 per cent, solution 

 of glacial acetic acid. All these methods directly affect the eggs as 

 well as kiUing the lice, but they must be preceded by clipping. 



RiCHTER ( — ), Heidenreich (— ) & Raebiger (— ). Das Auftreten 



der Kriebelmueken in Anhalt und die zu ihrer Bekampfung 



getroffenen Massnahmen. [The Occurrence of Sinmluds in Anhalt 



and the Measures taken against them.] — Deutsche Tierdrztl. 



Wochenschr., Hanover, xxviii, no. 17, 24th April 1920, pp. 189- 



192. 



Mortahty among live-stock due to bites of Simulium has been re- 



■corded from Germany and Hungary during the past 15 years [R.A.E., 



B, iv, 126 ; v, 17]. Several cases from Anhalt in 1917 are described 



here ; the pathological and anatomical changes differ in various points 



from those observed previously. Contrary to what was noted in 



Hanover a comparatively large number of horses succumbed. The 



causal agent of death has not yet been discovered. 



As swarms of Simuliids were expected to appear in April and May 

 1918 the desirabihty of discovering their breeding places was evident 

 and a committee was appointed by the Anhalt Government to do this 

 .and to take the necessary measures. Investigations showed that 

 Simulium argyreatum. (which caused the losses in 1917), S. maculatum, 

 S. reptans and a fourth, undetermined species were present. On one 

 stream it was found that a portion that was dammed was uninfested. 



