168 



Hase (A.). Die Bekampfung der Lause, Wanzen und anderer Para- 

 siten ; insbesondere die Bekampfung mittels Blausaure. [Work 

 against Lice, Bugs and other Parasites, especially by Means of 

 Hydrocyanic Acid.] — Verh. Deiitschen Ges. angew. Entom., II. 

 Mitgliederversanimlung, Munich, 24-26 September 1918 ; Berlin, 

 1919, pp. 88-105. [Received 28th July 1920.] 



This paper broadly reviews the development and present state of 

 methods for combating lice, bugs, mosquitos, flies, fleas, and the 

 mites causing mange {SarcojJtes and Psoroj)tes). 



Teichman (E.). Dipteren als hygienisehe und wirtschaftliche 

 Schadlinge. [Diptera as Hygienic and Economic Pests.]— 7er^. 

 Deutschen Ges. angew. Entom., II. Mitgliederversammlung, Munich, 

 24-26 September 1918 ; Berlin, 1919, pp. 105-121. [Received 28th 

 July 1920.] 



A short review is given of the Diptera that are considered injurious, 

 tollowed by brief notes on the measures adopted agamst the parasites 

 of man and animals and against crop pests. 



Harms (B.). Die Larven der Flohe als Trager von Krankheitserregern. 



[Flea Larvae as the Carriers of the Causal Agents ol Disease.] — 

 Verh. Deutschen Ges. angew. Entom., II. Mitgliederversammlung, 

 Munich, 24-26 September 1918; Berlin, 1919, pp. 122-130. 

 [Received 28th July 1920.] 



Up" to the present some 15 animal parasites, mostly Protozoa, have 

 been found in fleas, some being the causal agents of disease in man and 

 animals. Some of the parasites occur only in the adult fleas, while 

 others also occur in the larvae. In the larvae they are chiefly found in 

 the intestme, especially in the hind-gut. Mention is made of a large 

 number of records, the reference to the literature being given m each 

 case. 



WiLHELMi (J.). Zur Frage der Uebertragung der Maul- und Klauen- 

 seuche durch stechende Insekten, unter besonderer Berucksichti- 

 gung von Stomoxys calcitrans. [The Question of the Transmission 

 of Foot and Mouibh Disease by Biting Insects, with special regard 

 to ;S. calcitrans.] — Verh. Deutschen Ges. angew. Entom., II. Mit- 

 gliederversammlung, Munich. 24-26 September 1918 ; Berlin, 1919. 

 pp. 156-167. [Received 28th July 1920.] 



While a great deal of research has been done on the aetiology of 

 foot and mouth disease, it is remarkable that no investigation has dealt 

 with the possibility of its transmi&'iion by some blood-suckuig insect. 

 The value of such a discovery cannot be underrated from the point 

 of view of practical prophylaxis. A consideration of the aflected 

 animals shows that those with cloven hoofs are chiefly attacked, 

 domestic species more than wild ones, herbivorous species more than 

 carnivorous species, and that the disease is not confined to any parti- 

 cular geographical zone. It is therefore necessary that the suppositious 

 insect vector should be either a temporary or permanent ectoparasite 

 of the mammals aflected, or that it should be closely associated with 

 them ; it must occur in the open, but should be adapted to domestic, 



