188 



one or more species of Hahronema and to act as an intermediate host, 

 and not merely as a mechanical carrier, of the parasites. Miisca spp., 

 Sarcophaga and Pseudojnjrellia proved suitable as intermediate hosts 

 for H. muscae and H. megastoma, but not for H. microstoma, whereas 

 Stomoxys harboured only the latter species. Flies of various species 

 that were heavily infested experimentally soon died. Similar 

 phenomena probably occur under natural conditions, and this may 

 account for the low percentage of parasitism among captured flies. 

 / The buffalo fly, Lypewsia exigua, may also serve as a possible host for 



H. inicfostoma. 



The larvae are able to escape from infested flies when the latter 

 settle on mucous surfaces such as the mouth, nose, eyes, or even on sores 

 and woimds. If the larvae escape into the mouth they will reach the 

 stomach, where they develop to maturity after undergoing a series of 

 moults. The larvae that are deposited elsewhere than in the mouth 

 die off, but may first set up inflammation resulting in a granuloma or 

 perhaps even swamp cancer. 



The chief transmitters of equine granuloma are probably Musca 

 vetustissima, M. fergusoni and Stomoxys. The house-fly may be 

 mainly responsible for its occurrence in stabled animals. 



LiENHAKT (R.) & Eemy (P.). Note sur la Presence en Lorraine 

 d'Argas reflexus (Fabricius 1794) et Contribution a I'Etude de sa 

 Biologie.— C.J?. Soc. Biol, Paris, Ixxxiii, no. 26, 24th July 1920, 

 pp. 1155-1156. 



Attention is drawn to the finding an example of Argas reflexus, F., 

 at Nancy University, taken at a window situated immediately beneath 

 a pigeon loft. As this loft had been closed for six years, this is of 

 interest in demonstrating the length of time this tick can subsist 

 without food. Several individuals were subsequently found in the 

 loft itself, and they were all vigorous in spite of their enforced starva- 

 tion. 



Mayne (B.). Can the Mosquito convey Infection from a Malaria 

 Patient undergoing Treatment ? Does Sporogony affect Mosquito 

 Life? — Public Health Repts., Waslmigton, D.C., xxxv, no. 28, 

 9th July 1920, pp. 1664-1669, 2 figs. 



The work of previous authors on this subject is reviewed. As a 

 result of experiments made at New Orleans it is evident that when 

 no change occurs in the morphology of the fully developed gametocyte 

 in the presence of quinine, the development within the mosquito is 

 not impaired by the drug. Mosquitos may become infected from the 

 blood of patients that have previously received as much as 450 grains 

 of quinine. Such mosquitos not only harbour the typical sporonts, 

 but are also capable of infecting a healthy person. Anopheles quadri- 

 maculatus was used for some of these observations. One example 

 of this mosquito, fed occasionally on fruit juice, Hved 185 days ; 

 another fed on a patient infected with Plasmodium vivax retained 

 a few apparently degenerate sporozoites in its salivary glands for 158 

 jdays,'. 



